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Amazon Web Services (AWS) - Interview Questions and Answers for 'AWS' - 280 question(s) found - Order By Newest

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 Q1. What the difference between S3 and EFS ?Amazon Web Services (AWS)
Ans. EFS is file storage whereas S3 is object storage.

EFS is filesystem presented over IP network as normal OS drive, while S3 is HTTP accessed store.

EFS is capable of being mounted whereas S3 doesn't.

S3 has capabilities beyond just filesystem, there is whole metadata part where you can store info about your objects in S3.

As S3 is accessed over http , it's capable of hosting a static web site on it's own whereas EFS needs a computing and frontend service to have such capability.

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 Q2. Difference between AWS Cloud Formation and AWS AMI ?Amazon Web Services (AWS)
Ans. AMI is an Amazon Machine Image. It contains the configuration to enable to boot up an EC2 instance with said configuration whereas Cloud formation is a templating language that allows to describe how to build a VPC and also allows you to create AWS services

AMI is templating specific to instances whereas the scope of CloudFormation templating is much bigger. CloudFormation could use AMI for launching instances along with other services.

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 Q3. Design an e commerce application using AWS ? What AWS services will you use ?Amazon Web Services (AWS)
Ans. CloudFront for Static Media and cached content
EC2 and EKS ( Docker ) for main application computing
RDS and DynamoDB for Database
Lambda ( computing ) for running back end cron jobs
Kinesis for streaming and SQS for queuing
CloudWatch for Monitoring
CloudFormation for Infrastructure templating
S3 for Object Storage

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 Q4. Difference between Region , Availability zone and Edge Locations ?Amazon Web Services (AWS)
Ans. A Region is a Geographical entity like US-East , US-West etc. Each Region may have multiple availability zones where each zone comprise of 1 or more Data Center located with each other.

Edge Locations are the sites that hosts cached content for faster delivery and for saving network traffic as they feed content from sites that are local or near to consumption.

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 Q5. What are the different S3 storage Tiers ?Amazon Web Services (AWS)
Ans. S3 Standard
S3 IA - Infrequently Accessed
S3 One Zone IA - One Zone only , Infrequently Accessed
S3 Glacier - achieved

S3 Standard is most expensive , Glacier is least expensive

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 Q6. What are the factors on which customers are charged for using S3 ?Amazon Web Services (AWS)
Ans. Storage Tier ( IA , Standard , Glacier etc )
Storage ( Volume of Data )
No of Requests
Meta Data
Data Transfer Speed acceleration through cache and Edge Location

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 Q7. What are the factors on which price classes are based on in case of EC2, S3, CloudFront and EBS ?Amazon Web Services (AWS)
Ans. EC2 - Time and Reservation , Instance Type ( Memory , Computation power )
S3 - Accessibility Frequency , Data Transfer , Storage Space
CloudFront - Geography, No of Locations
EBS - IOPS, Access Frequency

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 Q8. What are the different Route53 routing policies ?Amazon Web Services (AWS)
Ans. Simple
Weighted
Latency
Failover
GeoLocation
Multivalue

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 Q9. What is the relationship between VPC and subnet ? Can you tell with an example ?Networking
Ans. A VPC is devided into multiple subnets. Subnet in a particular VPC could be public or private.

For Example - A particular account may have multiple vpc's for each of the business type. For each Business or VPC , One can have different subnets to cater to each department so that access across departments could be restricted. But still there could be identities that have control over different subnets. Moreover we could have multiple subnets for each department so as to have distinguished public and private networks having different types of applications ( public facing or internal consumption )

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 Q10. What is the difference between single instance Web environment and Load Balanced Auto Scaling ? Amazon Web Services (AWS)
Ans. Single instance means there is only 1 instance that will bear all the traffic load whereas Load balanced server means that there will be a cluster of servers that will host the application and load will be balanced distributed among them. Auto Scaling means that the number of instances will be expanded / shrunken based on the rule. Rule could be the traffic count , response time etc.

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 Q11. What is cloud computing ?Cloud Computing
Ans. Cloud Computing is a way of using IT infrastructure with following traits -

1. On Demand Infrastructure
2. Broad Network Access
3. Resource Pooling
4. Rapid Elasticity
5. Measured Service

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 Q12. What are the services provided by AWS ?Amazon Web Services (AWS)
Ans. AWS provides various types of services like Computing ( EC2 , Lambda , EKS ), Storage ( S3, Glacier ), Database ( RDS , DynamoDB ), Streaming ( Kinesis ), Queue ( SQS ), Security and Access ( IAM ) etc.

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 Q13. What are the problems one could face while working with serverless technologies like AWS Lambda ?Amazon Web Services (AWS)
Ans. Warm up time for certain technologies like Java ( JVM Warmup )

Performance

Size of Deployable ( Bigger size packaging should go in S3 )

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 Q14. What is the cost of using Cloud Formation ?Amazon Web Services (AWS)
Ans. Cloud Formation does not have any additional cost but you are charged for the underlying resources it builds.

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 Q15. How does AWS Lambda handle failure during event processing?Amazon Web Services (AWS)
Ans. In AWS Lambda we can run a function in synchronous or asynchronous mode. In synchronous mode, if AWS Lambda function fails, then it will just give an exception to the calling application. In asynchronous mode, if AWS Lambda function fails then it will retry the same function at least 3 times.If AWS Lambda is running in response to an event in Amazon DynamoDB or Amazon Kinesis, then the event will be retried till the Lambda function succeeds or the data expires. In DynamoDB or Kinesis, AWS maintains data for at least 24 hours.

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 Q16. What does AMI include ?Amazon Web Services (AWS)
Ans. A template for the instance.

Launch permission decisions

A block device mapping, when an instance is launched it determines the volumes to attach to that instances.


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 Q17. Why is cloud infrastructure so powerful ?Cloud Computing
Ans. Because it gives the ability to provision infrastructure on Demand with No contracts and strings attached.

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 Q18. Which region is the latest and most popular in AWS ? What are the advantages and disadvantages of using this region ?Amazon Web Services (AWS)
Ans. US-East Virginia

This is the oldest and most popular region. All new features are rolled first in this region and hence they are first available there. The downside is that because of experimentation with new services, unavailability time is quite high.

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 Q19. What are the advantage of having Edge Locations ?Amazon Web Services (AWS)
Ans. It saves Network traffic and facilitates faster delivery by hosting bulk media and cached data near to client.

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 Q20. What does effect , action and resource means with respect to AWS IAM policy ?Amazon Web Services (AWS)
Ans. effect means whether the effect of this Policy is to allow or deny, action means the type of action ( read , write ) and service, and resource is the resource where this should apply.

For example - If we want to have a Policy of providing read access on S3 ,
effect will be "allow"
action will be "s3:GetObject"
resource will be "arn:aws:s3:::examplebucket/*"

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 Q21. Within AWS S3, Why new files are available immediately for read operation but not the updates ? Amazon Web Services (AWS)
Ans. Because new files will be fed from where ever they are first available but AWS have no way to identify which is the most updated version among the various regions. The updated version can only be assured once the replication to all availability zones is complete.

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 Q22. What kind of Access Policy should be kept on S3 Buckets and Policy ?Amazon Web Services (AWS)
Ans. We should only allow access that's needed. So the security Policy should be as restrictive as possible.

Buckets and Files should never be made public unless until they are needed it to be like that.

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 Q23. How can we protect from accidental deletes in S3 ?Amazon Web Services (AWS)
Ans. Versioning ( will create Delete marker )
MFA Delete ( authentication upon deletion )
Cross Region Replication ( Replicates aren't deleted )

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 Q24. How can we restrict CloudFront access to a particular Geography ?Amazon Web Services (AWS)
Ans. We can select the appropriate Price Class if that suits us.

We can do Geo Targeting by black listing / white listing certain geographies.

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 Q25. What is the use case for "On Demand" EC2 ?Amazon Web Services (AWS)
Ans. If the computation required is Spiky and unpredictable.

If it's first time use.

If the lifespan of the application isn't known.

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 Q26. What is the use case for "Spot" EC2 plan ?Amazon Web Services (AWS)
Ans. If the usage is non continuous and have flexible start and End Time. For ex - Analysis , Research , mining etc.

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 Q27. What are the different price options available for EC2 ?Amazon Web Services (AWS)
Ans. On Demand
Reserved
Spot
Dedicated Host

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 Q28. What EC2 configuration would you use if you have to use it for Bitcoin mining ?Amazon Web Services (AWS)
Ans. Keeping Low cost for processing , i would choose

Spot Price Plan
F1 or P3 Instance Type
Cold Hdd (SCI ) EBS Volume

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 Q29. Which AWS services would you use if you have find a cheapest solution for an analytics application ?Amazon Web Services (AWS)
Ans. Computation

Spot Price Plan
F1 or P3 Instance Type
Cold Hdd (SCI ) EBS Volume

Storage

S3-IA

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 Q30. Can a EC2 instance have multiple Security Groups ? Can a single security group be assigned to multiple Ec2 instances ? If either of them is true , doesn't it result in conflict ?Amazon Web Services (AWS)
Ans. We can assign multiple security groups to single instance and we can use single security group with multiple instances.

It never results in conflict as security groups only have allow rules and no deny rules. Multiple security groups for an instance results in union of all rules.

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