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Frequently asked.
 Q61. If you are given a choice to use either ArrayList and LinkedList, Which one would you use and Why ?Core Java
Ans. ArrayList are implemented in memory as arrays and hence allows fast retrieval through indices but are costly if new elements are to be inserted in between other elements. LinkedList allows for constant-time insertions or removals using iterators, but only sequential access of elements

1. Retrieval - If Elements are to be retrieved sequentially only, Linked List is preferred.

2. Insertion - If new Elements are to be inserted in between other elements , Linked List is preferred.

3. Search - Binary Search and other optimized way of searching is not possible on Linked List.

4. Sorting - Initial sorting could be pain but lateral addition of elements in a sorted list is good with linked list.

5. Adding Elements - If sufficiently large elements needs to be added very frequently ,Linked List is preferable as elements don't need consecutive memory location.

  Sample Code for ArrayList

  Sample Code for LinkedList

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Very frequently asked. Favorite question in Walk in Drive of many Indian service companies.
  Q62. What is the difference between ArrayList and LinkedList ?Core Java
Ans. Underlying data structure for ArrayList is Array whereas LinkedList is the linked list and hence have following differences -

1. ArrayList needs continuous memory locations and hence need to be moved to a bigger space if new elements are to be added to a filled array which is not required for LinkedList.

2. Removal and Insertion at specific place in ArrayList requires moving all elements and hence leads to O(n) insertions and removal whereas its constant O(1) for LinkedList.

3. Random access using index in ArrayList is faster than LinkedList which requires traversing the complete list through references.

4. Though Linear Search takes Similar Time for both, Binary Search using LinkedList requires creating new Model called Binary Search Tree which is slower but offers constant time insertion and deletion.

5. For a set of integers you want to sort using quicksort, it's probably faster to use an array; for a set of large structures you want to sort using selection sort, a linked list will be faster.

  Sample Code for ArrayList

  Sample Code for LinkedList

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 Q63. What is the difference between int[] x; and int x[]; ?Core Java
Ans. No Difference. Both are the acceptable ways to declare an array.

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 Q64. What is CopyOnWriteArrayList ?
Ans. Its a type of ArrayList in which all Write operations , i.e add and set are performed by creating a new copy. This array never changes during the lifetime of the iterator, so it never throws ConcurrentModificationException

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 Q65. What are the advantages and disadvantages of CopyOnWriteArrayList ?Core Java
Ans. This collections class has been implemented in such a manner that it can never throw ConcurrentModificationException. As it performs update and write operations by creating a new copy of ArrayList, It's slower compared to ArrayList.

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 Q66. What is ArrayIndexOutOfBoundException ?Core Java
Ans. Exception thrown by the application is we try to access an element using an index which is not within the range of array i.e lower than 0 or greater than the size of the array.

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 Q67. What will the following code result ?

List> intList = new ArrayList>();

intList.add(Optional.empty());
intList.add(Optional.of(2));
intList.add(Optional.of(3));
intList.add(Optional.of(4));

System.out.println(intList.get(null));
Ans. Compile time error at last line as the get method expect argument of type native int.

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 Q68. What will the following code result ? Will it compile ?

List> intList = new ArrayList>();

intList.add(Optional.empty());
intList.add(Optional.of(2));
intList.add(Optional.of(3));
intList.add(Optional.of(4));

System.out.println(intList.get((Integer)null));
Ans. Yes but the last line will throw NullPointerException upon execution.

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 Q69. Can we add more elements to an array list that has been marked as final ?
Ans. Yes, the array list can hold more elements. Final only puts the restriction that the array list reference cannot hold any other array list.

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 Q70. What will be the output of exceuting main method ?

public static void main(String[] args){
      List list = new ArrayList();
      list.add(1);
      list.add(2);
      list.add(3);
      System.out.println(list);
   }
Core Java
a. 1,2,3
b. Order cannot be determined
c. compilation error
d. 3,2,1

Ans.a. 1,2,3

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