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Ans. Scanner class introduced in Java 1.5 for reading Data Stream from the imput device. Previously we used to write code to read a input using DataInputStream. After reading the stream , we can convert into respective data type using in.next() as String ,in.nextInt() as integer, in.nextDouble() as Double etc
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Ans. A way of encoding characters as binary numbers. The Unicode character set includes characters used in many languages, not just English. Unicode is the character set that is used internally by Java.
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Ans. ThreadFactory is an interface that is meant for creating threads instead of explicitly creating threads by calling new Thread(). Its an object that creates new threads on demand. Using thread factories removes hardwiring of calls to new Thread, enabling applications to use special thread subclasses, priorities, etc.
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Ans. You can put related classes together as a single logical group.
Nested classes can access all class members of the enclosing class, which might be useful in certain cases.
Nested classes are sometimes useful for specific purposes. For example, anonymous inner classes are useful for writing simpler event-handling code with AWT/Swing.
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Ans. The accessibility (public, protected, etc.) of the inner class is defined by the outer class.
Just like top-level classes, an inner class can extend a class or can implement interfaces.
Similarly, an inner class can be extended by other classes, and an inner interface can be implemented or extended by other classes or interfaces.
An inner class can be declared final or abstract.Inner classes can have inner classes, but you will have a hard time reading or understanding such complex nesting of classes.
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Ans. You can create a non-static local class inside a body of code. Interfaces cannot have local classes, and you cannot create local interfaces.
Local classes are accessible only from the body of the code in which the class is defined. The local classes are completely inaccessible outside the body of the code in which the class is defined.
You can extend a class or implement interfaces while defining a local class.
A local class can access all the variables available in the body of the code in which it is defined. You can pass only final variables to a local inner class.
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Ans. Anonymous classes are defined in the new expression itself, so you cannot create multiple objects of an anonymous class.
You cannot explicitly extend a class or explicitly implement interfaces when defining an anonymous class.
An anonymous inner class is always created as part of a statement; don't forget to close the statement after the class definition with a curly brace. This is a rare case in Java, a curly brace followed by a semicolon.
Anonymous inner classes have no name, and their type must be either a subclass of the named type or an implementer of the named interface
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Ans. Cloneable is a declaration that the class implementing it allows cloning or bitwise copy of it's object state. It is not having any method because it is a MARKER interface.
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Ans. Java is a portable-language because without any modification we can use Java byte-code in any platform(which supports Java). So this byte-code is portable and we can use in any other major platforms.
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Ans. No. Every Class only needs to have one constructor - With parameters or without parameters. Compiler provides a default non parameterized constructor if no constructors is defined.
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Ans. throw is used to explicitly throw an exception especially custom exceptions, whereas throws is used to declare that the method can throw an exception.
We cannot throw multiple exceptions using throw statement but we can declare that a method can throw multiple exceptions using throws and comma separator.
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Ans. No. Even though "this" would mean a reference to current object id the method gets called using object reference but "this" would mean an ambiguity if the same static method gets called using Class name.
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Ans. Java runs on a variety of platforms, such as Windows, Mac OS, and the various versions of UNIX/Linux like HP-Unix, Sun Solaris, Redhat Linux, Ubuntu, CentOS, etc
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Ans. Object is a run time entity whose state is stored in fields and behavior is shown via methods. Methods operate on an object's internal state and serve as the primary mechanism for object-to-object communication.
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Ans. A class is a blue print or Mold using which individual objects are created. A class can contain fields and methods to describe the behavior of an object.
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Ans. The finally keyword is used to create a block of code that follows a try block. A finally block of code always executes, whether or not an exception has occurred.
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Ans. It is a collection of element which cannot contain duplicate elements. The Set interface contains only methods inherited from Collection and adds the restriction that duplicate elements are prohibited.
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Sample Code for InputStream
Which of the following methods are used by Java Garbage Collection Mechanism ?
