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Advanced level question. Frequently asked in High end product companies. Frequently asked in Google , Cognizant and Deloitte ( Based on 2 feedback )
  Q31. Why is String immutable in Java ?Core Java
Ans. 1. String Pool - When a string is created and if it exists in the pool, the reference of the existing string will be returned instead of creating a new object. If string is not immutable, changing the string with one reference will lead to the wrong value for the other references.

Example -

String str1 = "String1";
String str2 = "String1"; // It doesn't create a new String and rather reuses the string literal from pool

// Now both str1 and str2 pointing to same string object in pool, changing str1 will change it for str2 too

2. To Cache its Hashcode - If string is not immutable, One can change its hashcode and hence it's not fit to be cached.

3. Security - String is widely used as parameter for many java classes, e.g. network connection, opening files, etc. Making it mutable might possess threats due to interception by the other code segment.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     java   oops   string   string class   immutable  immutability   advanced     Asked in 39 Companies      expert        frequent

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Usually asked only to fresh graduates and less experienced developers.
  Q32. What is a daemon thread? Give an Example ?
Ans. These are threads that normally run at a low priority and provide a basic service to a program or programs when activity on a machine is reduced. garbage collector thread is daemon thread.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     java   threads   multi threading   operating system   daemon thread   garbage collection     Asked in 10 Companies      intermediate        frequent

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 Q33. What is unmarshalling ?
Ans. Its the process of creating Java Objects out of XML structures.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     xml   java api for xml   unmarshalling   parser   sax   dom   architecture     Asked in 1 Companies


Advanced level question usually asked to senior developers , leads and architects.
 Q34. How does volatile affect code optimization by compiler?Core Java
Ans. Volatile is an instruction that the variables can be accessed by multiple threads and hence shouldn't be cached. As volatile variables are never cached and hence their retrieval cannot be optimized.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     java   java keywords   volatile   synchronization   compiler optimization   variable caching   architecture     Asked in 3 Companies      expert


 Q35. How to find whether a given integer is odd or even without use of modulus operator in java?Core Java
Ans. public static void main(String ar[])
{
int n=5;
if((n/2)*2==n)
{
System.out.println("Even Number ");
}
else
{
System.out.println("Odd Number ");
}
}

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     java   code   coding   tricky questions   interesting questions   modulus operator     Asked in 4 Companies        frequent


 Q36. What is a ConcurrentHashMap ?Core Java
Ans. ConcurrentHashMap is a hashMap that allows concurrent modifications from multiple threads as there can be multiple locks on the same hashmap.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     java   collections   hashmap   map   concurrenthashmap   concurrenthashmap  concurrency   general electric   ge     Asked in 32 Companies        rare


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