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Ans. Volatile is an instruction that the variables can be accessed by multiple threads and hence shouldn't be cached. As volatile variables are never cached and hence their retrieval cannot be optimized.
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Ans. Yes.we cannot access them directly but we can access them using object reference.Static methods belong to a class and not objects whereas non static members are tied to an instance. Accessing instance variables without the instance handler would mean an ambiguity regarding which instance the method is referring to and hence its prohibited.
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Static methods belong to the class and not the objects. They belong to the class and hence doesn't fit properly for the polymorphic behavior.
A static method is not associated with any instance of a class so the concept of overriding for runtime polymorphism using static methods is not applicable.
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Q15. In majority of the situations it won't make much sense whether you append this with the instance method call.Can you tell a situation wherein this keyword would make sense in a instance method ?
Ans. Within instance method of the parent class that has other multiple methods that have been overridden by the derived classes.
In such case a simple method call from the common method will always be made to the method definition in the parent class. But If we use this.methodCall , this will be polymorphic and will be made to the respective derived object overriding method.
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Q16. Which of the following is not true for final variables ?
a. They cannot be changed after initialization b. They can be initialized within static method c. They can be declared and initialized together at the same place d. They can be initialized within constructor
Ans. They can be initialized within static method
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Ans. Abstract means that the class is only meant to be subclassed whereas final means that it cannot be subclassed so both concepts - abstract and final are actually mutually exclusive and hence not permitted together.
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Ans. All Keywords , modifiers ( public , static , final etc ) as well as non modifier keywords ( for, if,switch etc ) are reserved words in java and hence cannot be used as identifiers. Along with keywords , there are few literals that have predefined meaning and hence cannot be used as identifiers, these are true , false and null.
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