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Hibernate - Interview Questions and Answers for 'L' - 50 question(s) found - Order By Newest | ||||
Frequently asked question in companies using Hibernate. | ||||
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Ans. It's a feature to lazily initialize dependencies , relationship and associations from the Database. Any related references marked as @OneToMany or @ManyToMany are loaded lazily i.e when they are accessed and not when the parent is loaded. | ||||
Sample Code for Lazy Initialization | ||||
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Ans. 1. Set lazy=false in the hibernate config file. 2. Set @Basic(fetch=FetchType.EAGER) at the mapping. 3. Make sure that we are accessing the dependent objects before closing the session. 4. Force initialization using Hibernate.initialize 5. Using Fetch Join in HQL. | ||||
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Frequently asked question in companies using hibernate. | ||||
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Ans. 1. First level cache is enabled by default whereas Second level cache needs to be enabled explicitly. 2. First level Cache came with Hibernate 1.0 whereas Second level cache came with Hibernate 3.0. 3. First level Cache is Session specific whereas Second level cache is shared by sessions that is why First level cache is considered local and second level cache is considered global. | ||||
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Ans. HBM Files ( Mapping ) DB Connection ( DB Connection String , User Name , Password , Pool Size ) SQL Dialect ( SQL variant to be generated ) Show SQL ( Show / No show SQL on Console ) Auto Commit ( True / False ) | ||||
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Ans. 1. Query Optimization ( Query Rewriting , Prepared Statements ) 2. Restructuring Indexes. 3. DB Caching Tuning ( if using ORM ) 4. Identifying the problems ( if any ) with the ORM Strategy ( If using ORM ) | ||||
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Ans. This annotation is added to the auto increment column with the strategy to increment the column value. Usually this is added to the surrogate primary key column and specified with the Database Sequence. | ||||
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Very frequently asked Hibernate interview question. Frequently asked in TCS ( based on 2 feedback ) | ||||
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Ans. There are 4 types of associations in Hibernate One to One One to Many Many to One Many to Many | ||||
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Ans. hibernate.cfg.xml ( Main Configuration File ) and *.hbm.xml files ( Mapping Files ) | ||||
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Very frequently asked if being interviewed for hibernate. Frequently asked in Tata Consultancy (TCS) and Overstock.com | ||||
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Ans. If id doesnt exist in the DB load throws an exception whereas get returns null in that case.get makes the call to DB immediately whereas load makes the call to proxy. | ||||
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Ans. We can have the code calling Hibernate API within try block and can have transaction.rollback within Catch. | ||||
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Ans. 1. Entity classes should have default constructor. 2. Entity classes should be declared non final. 3. All elements to be persisted should be declared private and should have public getters and setters in the Java Bean style. 4. All classes should have an ID that maps to Primary Key for the table. | ||||
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Ans. 1. EHCache ( Easy Hibernate ) 2. OSCache ( Open Symphony ) 3. Swarm Cache ( JBoss ) 4. Tree Cache ( JBoss ) | ||||
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Ans. Table Per Class , Table per Sub Class , Table per Concrete Class | ||||
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Ans. Lazy fetching is the technique of not loading the child objects when parent objects are loaded. By default Hibernate does not load child objects. One can specify whether to load them or not while doing the association. | ||||
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Ans. This configuration specifies if hibernate should creates the Schema / Table on its own if the respective table is not found. "update" doesn't create the table if it's not found whereas configuration set as "create" creates the schema automatically. | ||||
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Ans. First Annotation will set the Entity name as EMPLOYEES and hence will try to map with the same Table name. The second annotation will make the Entity mapped to table EMPLOYEES irrespective of the Entity Name ( which is class name in this case ). Third Annotations will set the different names for Enitity and Table and will explicitly map them. | ||||
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Ans. Auto , Identity , Sequence and Table. | ||||
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Ans. Using lazy = false in hibernate config file or @Basic(fetch=FetchType.EAGER) at the mapping | ||||
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Ans. Instead of Saving Parent as well as Child Entities individually , Hibernate provides the option to persist / delete the related entities when the Parent is persisted. | ||||
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Ans. OneToOne | ||||
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Ans. After Hibernate 3.0 | ||||
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Ans. Yes but as Hibernate creates the Proxy Classes inherited from the Entity Classes to communicate with Database for lazy initialization. Declaring entity classes as final will prohibit communication with database lazily and hence will be a performance hit. | ||||
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Ans. JPA or Java Persistence API is a standard specification for ORM implementations whereas Hibernate is the actual ORM implementation or framework. | ||||
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Ans. Its a specification that guides the implementation of ORM frameworks. Implementations abiding by the specification would mean that one can be replaced with other in an application without much hassle. Only the Features that are added over the specification needs to be taken care of if any such change is made. | ||||
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Ans. Criteria is a simplified API for retrieving entities by composing Criterion objects. For example - session.createCriteria(Employee.class).add( Restrictions.like("name", "A%") ).list(); will return all employee objects having name starting with A. | ||||
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Ans. The following code returns the list of Employee objects having employee name starting with A and Dept Name ( Department , Employee Mapped ). session.createCriteria(Employee.class,"emp") .createAlias("emp.department", "dept",Criteria.INNER_JOIN) .add( Restrictions.like("name", "A%") ) .add(Restrictions.eq("dept.name","Finance") .list(); | ||||
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Ans. I prefer using Criteria for Dynamic queries and HQL for static queries. | ||||
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Ans. JDBC is a standard Java Api for Database communication whereas Hibernate is an ORM framework that uses JDBC to connect with Database. Hibernate is another layer of object table mapping over JDBC that provide a database independent, object oriented and an efficient way of database communication. | ||||
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Ans. Make sure that the properties of dependent Hibernate entities are not accessed and if yes, better wrap the whole code within single transaction. | ||||
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Like Discuss Correct / Improve  lazy loading  lazy initialization | ||||
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Ans. Lazy Initialization means , Load Dependencies when required. Which means less load on application resources as only required data is loaded upfront. It's not only good for better performance but for better resource utilization too. | ||||
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