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Interview Questions and Answers for 'Stack' - 18 question(s) found - Order By Newest
Very frequently asked. Among first few questions in almost all interviews. Among Top 5 frequently asked questions. Frequently asked in Indian service companies (HCL,TCS,Infosys,Capgemini etc based on multiple feedback ) and Epam Systems
Ans. "equals" is the method of object class which is supposed to be overridden to check object equality, whereas "==" operator evaluate to see if the object handlers on the left and right are pointing to the same object in memory.
x.equals(y) means the references x and y are holding objects that are equal. x==y means that the references x and y have same object.
Sample code:
String x = new String("str");
String y = new String("str");
System.out.println(x == y); // prints false
System.out.println(x.equals(y)); // prints true
Ans. 1. Stack Segment - Contains primitives, Class / Interface names and references.
2. Heap Segment - Contains all created objects in runtime, objects only plus their object attributes (instance variables), Static variables are also stored in heap.
3. Code Segment - The segment where the actual compiled Java bytecodes resides when loaded
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Ans. Because of the life cycle requirement for different type of values in java.
variables initialized and used in functions needs to be destructed with the execution of function and hence kept in stack. Same is applicable for the object references initialized within the method. If objects would have been created in stack, they wouldnt have been passed around across methods and hence they are created on heap.
So anything that is required beyond the scope of a method or function is kept on heap which is usually garbage collected by Java.
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Ans. instance variables and objects are stored on heap and the references are stored on stack whereas static variables are stored in the method area of heap.
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public static void main (String args[]) {
String localVariable = "local Variable";
}
}
Where will the value 'static Variable' be stored ?
Stack Memory Segment
Heap Memory Segment
Runtime Constant Pool within Heap Segment
Code Segment
Q5. What will happen if we don't have termination statement in recursion ?
Ans. Function call allocates a stackframe in stack. Every stackframe will use some memory to store local variables, parameters and to remember return address. Without terminating condition stackframes will keep consuming memory from stack and eventually program will result in stackoverflow error.
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Ans. member variable are loaded into heap, so they are initialized with default values when an instance of a class is created. In case of local variables, they are stored in stack until they are being used.
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Ans. Stack memory areas is used to hold method and local variables while objects are always allocated memory in the heap. The heap memory is shared between multiple threads whereas Stack memory isn't.
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Ans. pop method pulls the top element from the stack and then move the top to the next element whereas peek only get the top element but doesn't move the top.
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when you an element to the stack check these two condition
1. Stack is empty, then MAX = element
2. Stack is not empty then check if the element is greater than MAX then MAX = element
when getMax fuction is called, then return MAX
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