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Ans. FALSE. == operator compares object references, a and b are references to two different objects, hence the FALSE. .equals method is used to compare string object content.
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Ans. A DOM (Document Object Model) parser creates a tree structure in memory from an input document whereas A SAX (Simple API for XML) parser does not create any internal structure.
A SAX parser serves the client application always only with pieces of the document at any given time whereas A DOM parser always serves the client application with the entire document no matter how much is actually needed by the client.
A SAX parser, however, is much more space efficient in case of a big input document whereas DOM parser is rich in functionality.
Use a DOM Parser if you need to refer to different document areas before giving back the information. Use SAX is you just need unrelated nuclear information from different areas.
Xerces, Crimson are SAX Parsers whereas XercesDOM, SunDOM, OracleDOM are DOM parsers.
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Ans. There can be two different elements with the same hashcode. When two elements have the same hashcode then Java uses the equals to further differentation. So there can be one or two objects depending on the content of the objects.
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Ans. Garbage Collector wont remove a strong reference.
A soft reference will only get removed if memory is low.
A weak reference will get removed on the next garbage collection cycle.
A phantom reference will be finalized but the memory will not be reclaimed. Can be useful when you want to be notified that an object is about to be collected.
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Ans. final keyword have meaning only to referenced and not the value. It means that the specified reference cannot be dereferenced. It doesn't control the value assigned to the memory that's being referenced. This is the reason that final object references doesn't mean that the object is immutable but means that the reference cannot be changed to point to new object.
In case of primitive types too, when we assign a reference to another, values are passed and not the object reference, and hence a new placeholder is created in memory with the same value. That is why final to that context means that you cannot change the assigned memory and there is no way we can have that memory place have another value.
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Ans. Any reference in java that doesn't point to any object , gets assigned null i.e is a reference to null. Two object references in java are treated equal if they point to the same memory. That's Why null == null results true.
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Ans. RI or Reference Implementation is a sample implementation provided for the API's / Specs, usually by their developers. This is usually a part of API documentation.
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Ans. Object is an entity in Java , i.e which has a state ( instance variables ) and methods attached to it ( static or non static , through class definition ). References are the identifiers that are used to point to objects.
For example -
Employee emp = new Employee();
emp = new Employee();
In this code, emp is the reference that gets assigned to the new object created by the new operator. In the second line , we have assigned the same reference to another object. So with these 2 lines of code, we have 2 objects in memory with reference emp now pointing to second object.
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Ans. Now the reference points to a new object in memory. If that was the only reference for the previous object , it will be marked for garbage collection.
Foe example -
Object obj = new Object();
obj = new Object();
object created in first line will be eligible for garbage collection after line 2 as it looses all it's handlers.
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Sample Code for this keyword
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java this object reference constructor chaining 
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Which of the following is not the use of this keyword ?
