Interview Questions and Answers for 'Design' | Search Interview Question

Interview Questions and Answers for 'Design' - 185 question(s) found - Order By Rating

Q1. Could you walk me through and draw out a sketch of a recent architecture project you completed ?

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Q2. What are various design frameworks for Banking profile ?

Design

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Q3. Design Parking Lot.

Design

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Q4. Design pattern used in struts.

Struts

Ans. Struts controller uses the Command design pattern and the action classes use the Adapter design pattern. The process() method of the RequestProcessor uses the Template method design pattern.

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Q5. Write a Program to find out negative numbers in a list.

Design

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Q6. How can we create an arraylist of unique values ?

Core Java

Ans. We can put the value in a set to enforce uniqueness and then dum those value into an arraylist.

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Q7. How would you design the database schema for an event?

Database

Ans. Broad question, but if the company need velocity, think about use a NO SQL instead of regular SQL databases.

Also prefers materialized views instead of joins to fetch data quickly.

Regarding the database design, there are very good design tools for professional database (to develop proper indexes and good database design) one of the best is QuickDBD

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Q8. Design Texas Hold Em poker game

Design

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Q9. What is the advantage of moving text messages to a separate properties file , like message.properties instead of hard defining it on the html ?

Design

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Q10. What are Hooks in programming and Design Patterns ?

Design

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Q11. If you are given choice to either load object eagerly or lazily , which one would you use in case of singleton pattern ?

Design

Ans. I would choose Eager as the cost for 1 additional object is too minute for any such consideration.

Eager Loading results in Faster access ( Object available at load time) at the cost of additional space.

Lazy loading results in space saving ( Object available at first use ) at the cost of access speed.

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Q12. What is your opinion about caching ?

Design

Ans. Caching is a mechanism that provides faster access but at the cost of additional space. Caching is good if we need faster access and if it takes extensive processing to come to a value which doesn't gets changed frequently.

Caching could be an overhead if we don't need fast access or if the processed value changes too frequently.

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Q13. Explain SOLID principles.

Design

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Q14. Find the second largest array element without sorting?

Design

Ans. We initialize two variables first and second to INT_MIN as,
first = second = INT_MIN
then Start traversing the array,
If the current element in array say arr[i] is greater
than first. Then update first and second as,
second = first
first = arr[i]
If the current element is in between first and second,
then update second to store the value of current variable as
second = arr[i]
then Return the value stored in second.

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Q15. What is runtime Polymorphism ?

Design

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Q16. Can you tell us a use case of reflection in java that you have applied ?

Design

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Q17. Write program to control traffic in a parking lot.

Design

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Q18. When singleton can break and how to resolve it

Design

Ans. Deserialization. In serialization, we can save the object of a byte stream into a file or send over a network. Suppose if you serialize the Singleton class, and then again de-serialize that object, it will create a new instance, hence deserialization will break the Singleton pattern.

To overcome this issue, we need to override readResolve() method in the Singleton class and return the same Singleton instance.

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Q19. Create DB schema for Employee, Department.

Database

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Q20. Design a appointment booking system for a chain of hospitals.

Design

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Q21. Can we keep application configuration at different places and what could be the consideration for choosing multiple places for doing so ?

Design

Ans. Yes an application can have configuration stored at multiple places. Factors that could facilitate such a design could be

1. Type of config information - We may have a case to store confidential information differently than other regular config value

2. Environment - We may like to have a base config ( defined in application package ) and then a different override mechanism in different environments.

3. Centralization - Sometime some configs need to be shared across application and hence centralized.

4. Testing - Testing against config may not be possible in some enviornments in certain cases and hence additional config store might be kept for testing purpose only.

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Q22. Write a calculator and find if a character appears more than n times ?

Design

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Q23. Code an elevator simulator.

Design

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Q24. Design an in memory object oriented system for a Car manufacturing Company ?

Design

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Q25. If you are asked to develop a financial system, how would you make sure that there are proper checks , balances and audits ?

Solution

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Q26. write a program for 4 digit otp generation?

Design

Ans. import java.util.Random;

public class OTPGenerator {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int otpLength = 4;
String otp = generateOTP(otpLength);
System.out.println("Generated OTP: " otp);
}

private static String generateOTP(int length) {
StringBuilder otp = new StringBuilder();
Random random = new Random();

for (int i = 0; i < length; i ) {
int digit = random.nextInt(10);
otp.append(digit);
}

return otp.toString();
}
}

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Q27.

Design

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Q28. If you have to pull a sub string out of a string, which method would you use - using String methods or Pattern / Matcher ?

Design

Ans. It depends on how complex it is and if in future it would need any sort opf debugging. It's not easy to debug code if it's making heavy use of shortcuts like Lambda , Patterns etc.

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Q29. How to avoid cloning, serialization in the singleton class ?

Design

Ans. For Cloning-exception,For deserialization-read.resolve()

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Q30. How you can check Object is created or not in case of Singleton using Object class method ?

Design

Ans. Reflections-- setAccesible--avoid using enumns

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