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Core Java - Interview Questions and Answers for 'Encapsulation' - 8 question(s) found - Order By Rating

Very frequently asked. Usually among very first few questions.
 Q1. Define encapsulation in Java ?Core Java
Ans. Encapsulation is a feature of OOP's that binds the data and it's associated methods together as a single unit and facilitate protection and data hiding by providing minimal interface to outside. For example - member variables are declared private and are accessed through public methods. Moreover we have private methods that can only be used internally and hence providing minimal interface to outside class through use of public methods.

  Sample Code for encapsulation

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 Q2. How can we hide a class in Java ?Core Java
Ans. By encapsulating it within another class and declaring it private. In such a case, it will only be accessible through parent class or parent class object.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     private class   private inner class  class hiding  encapsulation  object oriented programming (oops)  oops concepts  inner classes   nested classes


 Q3. Why it's a good practice to expose member elements through getter methods ?Design
Ans. Encapsulation and Polymorphism.

We need methods to access variables in a polymorphic way as overriding only happens with methods and not with variables. Moreover getter provides a way to minimally open the access window for the object and hence provides better encapsulation. To add to those, we can have validation in the getter method before returning elements.

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 Q4. Can you give a real world example of Encapsulation and Abstraction ?Core Java
Ans. Car Engine is an example of encapsulation and abstraction. You ignite the car using an interface called starter and least bothered about how the tire actually moves (This is abstraction). The engine encapsulates the complete process to itself only and doesn't allow you to start the other components like the radiator etc ( this is excapsulation )

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Very frequently asked to Fresh graduates.
  Q5. What is the difference between Encapsulation and Abstraction?Core Java
Ans. 1.Abstraction solves the problem at design level while encapsulation solves the problem at implementation level

2.Abstraction is used for hiding the unwanted data and giving relevant data. while Encapsulation means hiding the code and data into a single unit to protect the data from outside world.

3. Abstraction lets you focus on what the object does instead of how it does it while Encapsulation means hiding the internal details or mechanics of how an object does something.

4.For example: Outer Look of a Television, like it has a display screen and channel buttons to change channel it explains Abstraction but Inner Implementation detail of a Television how CRT and Display Screen are connect with each other using different circuits , it explains Encapsulation.

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 Q6. Difference between Encapsulation and Data Hiding ?
Ans. Data Hiding is a broader concept. Encapsulation is a OOP's centri concept which is a way of data hiding in OOP's.

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 Q7. What are the features of encapsulation ?Core Java
Ans. Combine the data of our application and its manipulation at one place.

Encapsulation Allow the state of an object to be accessed and modified through behaviors.

Reduce the coupling of modules and increase the cohesion inside them.

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 Q8. How is Abstraction implemented in Java ?Core Java
Ans. Abstraction is provided in Java by following ways -

Coding to the ( Interfaces / Abstract Classes ) or contracts

By Encapsulating details within classes and exposing the minimal Door ( few public methods )

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