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Core Java - Interview Questions and Answers for 'Hashmap' - 27 question(s) found - Order By Rating

 Q1. Difference between HashMap and Dictionary in Java ?Core Java
Ans. HashMap implements the Map interface while the Dictionary does not.

HashMap was introduced after HashTable and Dictionary.

Dictionary is currently obsolete in java.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     hashmap  dictionary class


 Q2. Is ConcurrentHashMap synchronized ?Core Java
Ans. Yes, ConcurrentHashMap is synchronized.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     ConcurrentHashMap


 Q3. Is HashMap Synchronized ?Core Java
Ans. No HashMap isn't synchronized. ConcurrentHashMap and Hashtable are synchronized.

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 Q4. How many read and write operations are provided at the same time by ConcurrentHashMaps ?Core Java
Ans. ConcurrentHashMaps provide unlimited read operation fro multi threaded environment. For write operation only one thread can change value for particular segment of map.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     ConcurrentHashMap     Asked in 1 Companies


 Q5. Isnt the use of HashTable and ConcurrentHashMap the same, i.e providing synchronized map collection ?Core Java
Ans. Both provide the thread safety but the actual difference come when talk about performance. CHM gives best performance when no of writer threads are less in number.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     synchronized collections  hashtable  ConcurrentHashMap     Asked in 1 Companies


 Q6. Create a custom hashmap using synchronization.Core Java
 This question was recently asked at 'Deutsche Bank'.This question is still unanswered. Can you please provide an answer.


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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     hashmap  coding     Asked in 1 Companies      advanced


 Q7. If a Map needs to be accessed simultaneously by multiple threads, which collection class should be used ? Core Java
Ans. ConcurrentHashMap

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     map  concurrenthashmap  multithreading


 Q8. isnt the use of HashTable and ConcurrentHashMap the same, i.e providing synchronized map collection ?Core Java
Ans. Yes, they both aim at providing synchronized access to the Map collection. The only difference is in their implementation. ConcurrentHashMap came after HashTable and hence technically more efficient as it doesn't lock the complete map while accessing it.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     HashTable  ConcurrentHashMap  map  Collections


 Q9. Difference between concurrentHashMap and HashTable ?Core Java
Ans. HashTable locks the complete collection to provide synchronization whereas ConcurrentHashMap only locks segments to achieve synchronization and hence better efficient and faster.

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Frequently asked in high end product companies. Frequently asked in Deloitte.
  Q10. How is Hashmap internally implemented in Java ?Core Java
Ans. https://medium.com/javarevisited/internal-working-of-hashmap-in-java-97aeac3c7beb#:~:text=HashMap%20internally%20uses%20HashTable%20implementation,the%20entries%20into%20the%20map.

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 Q11. What is IdentityHashMap ?Core Java
Ans. IdentityHashMap is a class that implements AbstractMap and provides a data structure with Elements having Key Value pair, just like HashMap. It is similar to HashMap except that it uses reference equality when comparing elements.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     IdentityHashMap  map  hashmap  collections


 Q12. Why HashTable has been deprecated ?Core Java
Ans. HashTable has been deprecated. As an alternative, ConcurrentHashMap has been provided. It uses multiple buckets to store data and hence much better performance than HashTable. Moreover, there is already a raw type HashMap. The only difference between the HashTable and HashMap is that Hashtable is synchronized whereas HashMap is not. Most of the synchronized collections have been deprecated and their raw alternative have been presented as preferred.Synchronization has a cost. Using synchronized collection in places where there is no need of it leads to useless utilization of resources. As these collections are rarely used in a static context or shared among threads, Java might have thought it better to just provide the raw collection and let developers implement synchronization if he feels the need to do so. HashMap is now presented as the default and the preferred way of using Map with read optimized hashing, and ConcurrentHashMap has been provided for synchronized access which provides better performance than HashTable. Because of this, Java thought it right to deprecate the use of HashTable.'

Synchronization has a cost. Using synchronized collection at a place where there is hardly any need of it would means useless utilization of resources. As these collections are rarely used in static context or shared among threads, Java might have thought it better to just provide the raw collection and let developer implement synchronization if he feels the need to do so.

As HashMap has been presented as default and preferred way of using Map with read optimized hashing, and ConcurrentHashMap has been provided for synchronized access which provides better performance than HashTable, Java thought it right to deprecate the use of HashTable.

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Very frequently asked. Favorite question in Walk in Drive of many Indian service companies.
  Q13. Difference between TreeMap and HashMap ?Core Java
Ans. They are different the way their elements are stored in memory. TreeMap stores the Keys in order whereas HashMap stores the key value pairs randomly.

  Sample Code for treemap

  Sample Code for hashmap

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Very frequently asked across all types of companies.
  Q14. Difference between HashMap and Hashtable?Core Java
Ans. Hashtable is synchronized whereas HashMap is not.HashMap allows null values whereas Hashtable doesnt allow null values.

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 Q15. There are two objects a and b with same hashcode. I am inserting these two objects inside a hashmap.

hMap.put(a,a);
hMap.put(b,b);

where a.hashCode()==b.hashCode()

Now tell me how many objects will be there inside the hashmap?
Core Java
Ans. There can be two different elements with the same hashcode. When two elements have the same hashcode then Java uses the equals to further differentation. So there can be one or two objects depending on the content of the objects.

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 Q16. Can we use null as a key for a map collection ?Core Java
Ans. Yes , for HashMap. HashMap implements Map interface. HashMap allows one null key and any number of null values.

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 Q17. Difference between Map and HashMap ?Core Java
Ans. Map is an interface where HashMap is the concrete class.

  Sample Code for map

  Sample Code for hashmap

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 Q18. Why String is popular HashMap key in Java?Core Java
Ans. Since String is immutable, its hashcode is cached at the time of creation and it doesnt need to be calculated again. This makes it a great candidate for key in a Map and its processing is fast than other HashMap key objects. This is why String is mostly used Object as HashMap keys.

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Advanced level question frequently asked in US based companies. Recently asked in EMC and Intuit.
  Q19. Can you provide some implementation of a Dictionary having large number of words ? Solution
Ans. Simplest implementation we can have is a List wherein we can place ordered words and hence can perform Binary Search.

Other implementation with better search performance is to use HashMap with key as first character of the word and value as a LinkedList.

Further level up, we can have linked Hashmaps like ,

hashmap {
a ( key ) -> hashmap (key-aa , value (hashmap(key-aaa,value)
b ( key ) -> hashmap (key-ba , value (hashmap(key-baa,value)
....................................................................................
z( key ) -> hashmap (key-za , value (hashmap(key-zaa,value)
}

upto n levels ( where n is the average size of the word in dictionary.

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 Q20. Which Java collection class can be used to maintain the entries in the order in which they were last accessed?
Ans. LinkedHashMap

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 Q21. Can we add duplicate keys in a HashMap ? What will happen if we attempt to add duplicate values ?
Ans. No, We cannot have duplicate keys in HashMap. If we attempt to do so , the previous value for the key is overwritten.

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 Q22. What is a ConcurrentHashMap ?Core Java
Ans. ConcurrentHashMap is a hashMap that allows concurrent modifications from multiple threads as there can be multiple locks on the same hashmap.

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 Q23. How is HashSet maintained in memory by Java ?Core Java
Ans. HashSet is maintained as HashMap by Java with values of the HashSet as Keys of the HashMap and value of the HashMap as the constant PRESENT.

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 Q24. Difference between HashMap and WeakHashMap ?
Ans. WeakHashMap uses weak reference for keys, which means if the key object doesn't have any reference then both key/value mapping will become eligible for garbage collection.

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 Q25. Which of the following collections stores its elements in insertion Order ?

a. HashMap
b. TreeMap
c. LinkedHashMap
d. LinkedMap
Core Java
Ans. LinkedHashMap

  Sample Code for LinkedHashMap

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 Q26. If we try to add duplicate key to the HashMap, What will happen ?

a. It will throw an exception.
b. It won't add the new Element without any exception.
c. The new element will replace the existing element.
d. Compiler will identify the problem and will throw an error.
Ans. The new element will replace the existing element.

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 Q27. Which of the following is false ?

a. HashMap came before HashTable.
b. HashMap allows null values whereas Hashtable doesn’t allow null values.
c. HashTable and HashMap allow Key-Value pairs.
d. Hashtable is synchronized whereas HashMap is not.
Ans. HashMap came before HashTable.

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