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Q781. What are the the methods to clear cache in Hibernate ?

Ans. Evict() and clear(). Evist is used to clear a particular object from the cache whereas clear clears the complete local cache.

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Q782. What are different types of second level cache ?

Hibernate

Ans. 1. EHCache ( Easy Hibernate )
2. OSCache ( Open Symphony )
3. Swarm Cache ( JBoss )
4. Tree Cache ( JBoss )

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Q783. Can we disable first level cache ? What should one do if we don't want an object to be cached ?

Hibernate

Ans. No.We can either call evict after the object retrieval or can use separate sessions.

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Q784. What is Hibernate ?

Hibernate

Ans. Hibernate is a Java ORM Framework.

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Q785. What are the different types of inheritance in Hibernate ?

Hibernate

Ans. Table Per Class , Table per Sub Class , Table per Concrete Class

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Q786. What is lazy fetching in Hibernate ?

Hibernate

Ans. Lazy fetching is the technique of not loading the child objects when parent objects are loaded. By default Hibernate does not load child objects. One can specify whether to load them or not while doing the association.

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Q787. Different types of Hibernate Instance States ?

Hibernate

Ans. Transient - In this state, an instance is not associated with any persistence context
Persistent - In this state, an instance is associated with a persistence context
Detached - This is a state for an instance which was previously associated with a persistence context an has been currently closed dissociated

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Q788. Is It Good to use Reflection in an application ? Why ?

Core Java

Ans. no, It's like challenging the design of application.

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Q789. Why is Reflection slower ?

Ans. Because it has to inspect the metadata in the bytecode instead of just using precompiled addresses and constants.

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Q790. When should we use prototype scope and singleton scope for beans ?

Spring

Ans. We should use singleton scope for beans when they are stateless and prototype when they are stateful.

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Q791. Difference between Assert and Verify ?

Testing

Ans. Assert works only if assertions ( -ea ) are enabled which is not required for Verify.Assert throws an exception and hence doesn't continue with the test if assert evaluates to false whereas it's not so with Verify.

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Q792. Which class elements are not persisted ?

Hibernate

Ans. Static and Transient.

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Q793. What entries we make in the hibernate config file if we are not using hbm files but Annotations ?

Hibernate

Ans. We configure Entity classes having annotated mappings.

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Q794. How many SessionFactory and Session objects are created ?

Java EE

Ans. Single SessionFactory object and multiple session objects for opening different session. Hibernate creates new Session object per thread.

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Q795. What is the use of hbm2ddl Configuration in Hibernate ?

Hibernate

Ans. This configuration specifies if hibernate should creates the Schema / Table on its own if the respective table is not found.

"update" doesn't create the table if it's not found whereas configuration set as "create" creates the schema automatically.

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Q796. What is the difference between these 2 annotations ?

@Entity

@Entity ( name="EMPLOYEES" )

Hibernate

Ans. The first annotation will try to map the Class with the Table as of same name as Class whereas the second annotation will specify the Entity name as "EMPLOYEES" and hence will try to map with Table Name "EMPLOYEES".

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Q797. What is the difference between these 2 annotations ?

@Entity ( name ="EMPLOYEES")
@Entity @Table ( name=""EMPLOYEES"" )

@Entity ( name="EMP")
@Table ( name="EMPLPYEES" )

Hibernate

Ans. First Annotation will set the Entity name as EMPLOYEES and hence will try to map with the same Table name.

The second annotation will make the Entity mapped to table EMPLOYEES irrespective of the Entity Name ( which is class name in this case ).

Third Annotations will set the different names for Enitity and Table and will explicitly map them.

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Q798. What are the different ID generating strategies using @GeneratedValue annotation ?

Hibernate

Ans. Auto , Identity , Sequence and Table.

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Q799. How to do Eager loading in Hibernate ?

Hibernate

Ans. Using

lazy = false in hibernate config file

or

@Basic(fetch=FetchType.EAGER) at the mapping

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Q800. What is cascade ?

Hibernate

Ans. Instead of Saving Parent as well as Child Entities individually , Hibernate provides the option to persist / delete the related entities when the Parent is persisted.

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Q801. What are the different Cascade types ?

Hibernate

Ans. Detach, Merge , Persist , Remove , Refresh

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Q802. Which type of associated Entities are Eagerly loaded by Default ?

Hibernate

Ans. OneToOne

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Q803. After which Hibernate version , related Entities are initialized lazily ?

Hibernate

Ans. After Hibernate 3.0

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Q804. Can we declare Entity class as final ?

Hibernate

Ans. Yes but as Hibernate creates the Proxy Classes inherited from the Entity Classes to communicate with Database for lazy initialization. Declaring entity classes as final will prohibit communication with database lazily and hence will be a performance hit.

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Q805. What is the difference between int[] x; and int x[]; ?

Core Java

Ans. No Difference. Both are the acceptable ways to declare an array.

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Q806. What are the annotations used in Junit with Junit4 ?

Ans. @Test

The Test annotation indicates that the public void method to which it is attached can be run as a test case.

@Before

The Before annotation indicates that this method must be executed before each test in the class, so as to execute some preconditions necessary for the test.

@BeforeClass

The BeforeClass annotation indicates that the static method to which is attached must be executed once and before all tests in the class.

@After

The After annotation indicates that this method gets executed after execution of each test.

@AfterClass

The AfterClass annotation can be used when a method needs to be executed after executing all the tests in a JUnit Test Case class so as to clean-up the set-up.

@Ignores

The Ignore annotation can be used when you want temporarily disable the execution of a specific test.

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Q807. What is asynchronous I/O ?

Ans. It is a form of Input Output processing that permits other processing to continue before the I/O transmission has finished.

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Q808. If there is a conflict between Base Class Method definition and Interface Default method definition, Which definition is Picked ?

Ans. Base Class Definition.

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Frequently asked these days as there are major changes in Java 8.

Q809. What are new features introduced with Java 8 ?

Core Java

Ans. Lambda Expressions , Interface Default and Static Methods , Method Reference , Parameters Name , Optional , Streams, Concurrency.

Sample Code for Lambda

Sample Code for interface default

Sample Code for Optional

Sample Code for Streams

Sample Code for java.time

Sample Code for Predicate

Sample Code for Consumer

Sample Code for MapMerge

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Rarely asked as default methods have been introduced with Java 8.

Q810. Can we have a default method without a Body ?

Core Java

Ans. No. Compiler will give error.

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