Core Java - Interview Questions and Answers for 'Architecture' | Search Interview Question

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Q61. Difference between TCP and UDP ?

Ans. http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/key-differences-between-tcp-and-udp-protocols/

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Q62. What things you would care about to improve the performance of Application if its identified that its DB communication that needs to be improved ?

Solution

Ans. 1. Query Optimization ( Query Rewriting , Prepared Statements )

2. Restructuring Indexes.

3. DB Caching Tuning ( if using ORM )

4. Identifying the problems ( if any ) with the ORM Strategy ( If using ORM )

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Q63. Name few Java Mocking frameworks ?

Ans. Mockito, PowerMock, EasyMock, JMock, JMockit

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Q64. If you are given a choice to implement the code to either Insert a Record or Update if already exist, Which approach will you follow ?

1. Insert into the DB Table. If exception occurs, update the existing record.
2. Check if the record exists and update it if it exists, If not insert a new record.

Solution

Ans. In first case, there would be 2 DB calls in worst case and 1 in best case. In 2nd approach there will be always 2 DB calls.

Decision on the approach should depend on the following considerations -

1. How costly is the call to DB ? Are we using indices , hibernate etc

If calls to DB are costly , 1st approach should be the choice.

2. Exception Book keeping load upon exception.

The benefit of saving 1st call in approach 1 should be bigger than the Book keeping for the exception.

3. Probability of the exception in first apparoach.

If the DB Table is almost empty, it makes sense to follow Approach 1 as majority of the 1st calls will pass through without exception.

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Q65. What would you do if you have to add a jar to the project using Maven ?

Maven

Ans. If its already there in Maven local repository, We can add that as a dependency in the project pom file with its Group Id, Artifact Id and version.

We can provide additional attribute SystemPath if its unable to locate the jar in the local repository.

If its not there in the local repository, we can install it first in the local repository and then can add it as dependency.

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Q66. What are the considerations to be made in case of loops in Java ?

Core Java

Ans. 1. It shouldn't result in infinite loop. Please make sure that you have a condition that will terminate the loop and that condition should be reached.

2. Make sure to use the break statement if you aspire to only look for something. Not using break will unnecessarily execute it till the end of for loop in some cases.

3. Similarly use continue to execute the loop with next iteration and bypass the rest of the code block if required.

4. Try to avoid multiple nesting of for loops. If it''s required, Make sure to use break and continue properly so as to avoid some unnecessary processing.

5. Make sure to use try catch within the loop and not outside the for loop if you expect it to continue if one of the iteration fails.

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Q67. Should we create system software ( e.g Operating system ) in Java ?

Core Java

Ans. No, Java runs on a virtual machine called JVM and hence doesn't embed well with the underlying hardware. Though we can create a platform independent system software but that would be really slow and that's what we would never need.

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Q68. What is Java primarily used for ?

Core Java

Ans. For creating platform independent software applications.

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Q69. What is the difference between JPA and Hibernate ?

Hibernate

Ans. JPA or Java Persistence API is a standard specification for ORM implementations whereas Hibernate is the actual ORM implementation or framework.

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Q70. Explain Application / Server architecture being used in your project ?

or

Explain your project architecture ?

Ans. We are using cluster of Web servers and Application servers. Load Balancer is used to manage the load between them. Down the layer we have middleware server and then DB server to access database.

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