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Q121. How frequently Cloudwatch monitor AWS services for generating metrics ?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. 5 mins for Standard / Basic
1 min for Detailed / advanced

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Q122. What are the Default metrics available for EC2 in CloudWatch ?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. CPU, Disk, Network, Status

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Q123. Are CloudWatch metrics available with free tier ?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. Only Basic not advanced

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Q124. How would you securely migrate a database to RDS?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

^{This question was recently asked at 'Cognizant (C?TS),Overstock'.This question is still unanswered. Can you please provide an answer.}

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Q125. Which AWS service can be used to monitor EC2 ?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. CloudWatch

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Q126. What is the name of DNS service provided by AWS ?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. Route 53

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Q127. How can EBS Volumes be backed up ?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. Through Snapshots

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Q128. Which AWS services provide automated backups ?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. RDS, RedShift and Elastic Cache

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Q129. What is the use case for AWS Gateway cached , stored and VTL ?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. AWS Cached - Low Availability than AWS Stored, Lower cost than AWS Stored

AWS Stored - High Availability, High Local Storage Cost

AWS VTL - S3 Used as Back up only.

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Q130. What is the use case of S3 Cross Region replication ?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. Disaster Recovery and availability

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Q131. Which AWS services would you use if you have find a cheapest solution for an analytics application ?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. Computation

Spot Price Plan
F1 or P3 Instance Type
Cold Hdd (SCI ) EBS Volume

Storage

S3-IA

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Q132. What is the use case for "Dedicated Host" EC2 plan ?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. If there are regulatory requirements, or proprietary license to be used.

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Q133. What is AWS Storage Gateway?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. It's an on premise virtual appliance that can be used as cache to store s3 locally at customer site.

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Q134. Which AWS service can be used for creating Billing Alarms ?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. AWS CloudWatch

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Q135. What are the advantage of having Edge Locations ?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. It saves Network traffic and facilitates faster delivery by hosting bulk media and cached data near to client.

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Q136. Which AWS service is provided by Edge location ?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. As Edge location only host cached content, Amazon CDN service or CloudFront is provided on these locations.

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Q137. Difference between Region , Availability zone and Edge Locations ?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. A Region is a Geographical entity like US-East , US-West etc. Each Region may have multiple availability zones where each zone comprise of 1 or more Data Center located with each other.

Edge Locations are the sites that hosts cached content for faster delivery and for saving network traffic as they feed content from sites that are local or near to consumption.

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Q138. Why is cloud infrastructure so powerful ?

Cloud Computing

Ans. Because it gives the ability to provision infrastructure on Demand with No contracts and strings attached.

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Q139. How did you use Spring in your project ? Which Spring annotations have you used in your project ?

Spring

Ans. @RequestMappping

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Q140. Difference between AWS Cloud Formation and AWS AMI ?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. AMI is an Amazon Machine Image. It contains the configuration to enable to boot up an EC2 instance with said configuration whereas Cloud formation is a templating language that allows to describe how to build a VPC and also allows you to create AWS services

AMI is templating specific to instances whereas the scope of CloudFormation templating is much bigger. CloudFormation could use AMI for launching instances along with other services.

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Q141. If you have to pull a sub string out of a string, which method would you use - using String methods or Pattern / Matcher ?

Design

Ans. It depends on how complex it is and if in future it would need any sort opf debugging. It's not easy to debug code if it's making heavy use of shortcuts like Lambda , Patterns etc.

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Q142. Can we serialize objects with only private variables in Java ?

Core Java

Ans. It depends on how we are serializing. The Serialization API doesn't worry about private variables and convert it into binary representation.

If we are using a library to map it to JSON / XML using XML Mappers, it may create trouble.

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Q143. Pascal Triangle Program

Ans. package snippet;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public class Pascal {
   public static void main(String[] args) {

      System.out.println(generatePascalTriangle(5));

   }

   static Map> generatePascalTriangle(int size) {
      Map> triangle = new HashMap<>();

      triangle.put(0, Arrays.asList(1));
      triangle.put(1, Arrays.asList(1, 1));

      for (int i = 2; i <= size; i ) {
         List coeffListForI = new ArrayList<>();
         List coeffListForI_1 = triangle.get(i - 1);
         coeffListForI.add(1);
         for (int j = 0; j <= coeffListForI_1.size() - 2; j ) {
            coeffListForI.add(coeffListForI_1.get(j) coeffListForI_1.get(j 1));
         }
         coeffListForI.add(1);
         triangle.put(i, coeffListForI);
      }

      return triangle;
   }
}

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Q144. What is the cost of using Cloud Formation ?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. Cloud Formation does not have any additional cost but you are charged for the underlying resources it builds.

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Q145. What is elasticity in relation to Cloud infrastructure ?

Cloud Computing

Ans. The power to scale computing resources up and down easily with minimal friction

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Q146. Explain different inheritance mapping strategies with JPA / Hibernate.

Hibernate

Ans. table per hierarchy
table per concrete class
table per sub class

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Q147. How to avoid cloning, serialization in the singleton class ?

Design

Ans. For Cloning-exception,For deserialization-read.resolve()

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Q148. Implement a Stack with 2 threads in which one thread push data and another pop data.

Data Structure

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Q149. Does it make sense to mock integration calls during stress / load test ?

Testing

Ans. No, its usually not done.

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Q150. Explain Hibernate caching mechanism

Hibernate

Ans. Every fresh session having its own cache memory, Caching is a mechanism for storing the loaded objects into cache memory. The advantage of cache mechanism is, whenever again we want to load the same object from the database then instead of hitting the database once again, it loads from the local cache memory only, so that the no. of round trips between an application and a database server got decreased. It means caching mechanism increases the performance of the application.

In hibernate we have two levels of caching

First Level Cache [ or ] Session Cache
Second Level Cache [ or ] Session Factory Cache [ or ] JVM Level Cache

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