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  Q31. What is a String Pool ?Core Java
Anonymous
Ans. String pool (String intern pool) is a special storage area in Java heap. When a string is created and if the string already exists in the pool, the reference of the existing string will be returned, instead of creating a new object and returning its reference.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     java   oops   string   string class   string pool   heap memory     Asked in 31 Companies      intermediate        frequent
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Advanced level question. Frequently asked in High end product companies. Frequently asked in Google , Cognizant and Deloitte ( Based on 2 feedback )
  Q32. Why is String immutable in Java ?Core Java
Anonymous
Ans. 1. String Pool - When a string is created and if it exists in the pool, the reference of the existing string will be returned instead of creating a new object. If string is not immutable, changing the string with one reference will lead to the wrong value for the other references.

Example -

String str1 = "String1";
String str2 = "String1"; // It doesn't create a new String and rather reuses the string literal from pool

// Now both str1 and str2 pointing to same string object in pool, changing str1 will change it for str2 too

2. To Cache its Hashcode - If string is not immutable, One can change its hashcode and hence it's not fit to be cached.

3. Security - String is widely used as parameter for many java classes, e.g. network connection, opening files, etc. Making it mutable might possess threats due to interception by the other code segment.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     java   oops   string   string class   immutable  immutability   advanced     Asked in 38 Companies      expert        frequent
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Very Frequently asked to fresh graduates and less experienced. Favorite question in Walk in drives. Frequently asked in Indian Services companies.
  Q33. Difference between Overloading and Overriding ?Core Java
Anonymous
Ans. Overloading - Similar Signature but different definition , like function overloading.

Overriding - Overriding the Definition of base class in the derived class.

  Sample Code for overloading

  Sample Code for overriding

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     java   oops   overloading   overriding   oops concepts   basic interview question     Asked in 83 Companies      basic        frequent
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  Q34. Difference between Vector and ArrayList ?Core Java
Anonymous
Ans. Vectors are synchronized whereas Array lists are not.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     java   basic interview question   vector   arraylist   collections   synchronization     Asked in 34 Companies      basic        frequent

Frequently asked question for intermediate developers. Frequently asked in HCL Technologies and EPAM.
  Q35. What is Volatile keyword used for ?Core Java
Anonymous
Ans. Volatile is a declaration that a variable can be accessed by multiple threads and hence shouldnt be cached.

  Sample Code for volatile

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     java   oops   synchronization   volatile   java keywords     Asked in 42 Companies      intermediate        frequent
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Very frequently asked in phone and walk in interviews.
  Q36. What are Marker Interfaces ? Name few Java marker interfaces ?Core Java
Anonymous
Ans. An interface without any method declaration is called as marker interface. there are 3 in-built interfaces in JVM i.e. serializable, clonable, remote

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     java   oops   interfaces   marker interface   serializable   clonable     Asked in 21 Companies      intermediate        frequent
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Very frequently asked. Favorite question in Walk in Drive of many Indian service companies. Frequently asked in HCL Technologies, TCS and Accenture.
  Q37. What is the difference between final, finally and finalize() ?Core Java
Admin
info@buggybread.com
Ans. final - constant variable, objects cannot be de-referenced, restricting method overriding, restricting class sub classing.

finally - handles exception. The finally block is optional and provides a mechanism to clean up regardless of what happens within the try block. Use the finally block to close files or to release other system resources like database connections, statements etc.

finalize() - method helps in garbage collection. A method that is invoked before an object is discarded by the garbage collector, allowing it to clean up its state.

  Sample Code for final

  Sample Code for finally

  Sample Code for finalize

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     java   oops   final   finally   finalize     Asked in 61 Companies      basic        frequent
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 Q38. What are the phases of the JSP life cycle ?Java EE
Admin
info@buggybread.com
Ans. Translation of JSP PageCompilation of JSP PageClassloading (class file is loaded by the classloader)Instantiation (Object of the Generated Servlet is created).Initialization ( jspInit() method is invoked by the container).Reqeust processing ( _jspService() method is invoked by the container).Destroy ( jspDestroy() method is invoked by the container).

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     j2ee   servlets   servelets   web application   jsp   jsp life cycle   mindtree     Asked in 9 Companies

 Q39. What is PermGen or Permanent Generation ?Core Java
Admin
info@buggybread.com
Ans. The memory pool containing all the reflective data of the java virtual machine itself, such as class and method objects. With Java VMs that use class data sharing, this generation is divided into read-only and read-write areas. The Permanent generation contains metadata required by the JVM to describe the classes and methods used in the application. The permanent generation is populated by the JVM at runtime based on classes in use by the application. In addition, Java SE library classes and methods may be stored here.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     java   jvm   memory management   permgen   permanent generation   advanced   architecture     Asked in 9 Companies      expert

 Q40. Difference between Abstraction and Implementation hiding ?
Anonymous
Ans. Implementation Hiding is a broader concept. Abstraction is a way of implementation hiding in OOP's.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     java   oops   oops concepts   abstraction   hiding information   build management

Very frequently asked in HCL Tech ( Based of 4 inputs )
  Q41. Write a program to reverse a string iteratively and recursively ?Core Java
Admin
info@buggybread.com
Ans. Using String method -

new StringBuffer(str).reverse().toString();

Iterative -

public static String getReverseString(String str){
StringBuffer strBuffer = new StringBuffer(str.length);
for(int counter=str.length -1 ; counter>=0;counter--){
strBuffer.append(str.charAt(counter));
}
return strBuffer;
}

Recursive -

public static String getReverseString(String str){
if(str.length <= 1){
return str;
}
return (getReverseString(str.subString(1)) + str.charAt(0);
}

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     java   string   reverse   stringbuffer   string class   code     Asked in 6 Companies        frequent

 Q42. Which of the following Java feature promotes access protection or Hiding ?

a. Inheritance
b. Encapsulation
c. Abstraction
d. Composition		Core Java
Anonymous
Ans. Encapsulation

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     java   java concepts   java features   oops concepts   oops features   access protection   information hiding

Frequently asked in face to face interviews.
  Q43. Write a program to print fibonacci series.Core Java

Ans. int count = 15;
int[] fibonacci = new int[count];
fibonacci[0] = 0;
fibonacci[1] = 1;
for(int x=2; x < count; x++){
fibonacci[x] = fibonacci[x-1] + fibonacci[x-2];
}

for(int x=0; x< count; x++){
System.out.print(fibonacci[x] + " ");
}

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     ebay   fibonacci series     Asked in 66 Companies      basic        frequent

 Q44. Why Java is not considered pure OOP's language ?Core Java

Ans. There are 2 reasons for it.

1. Usage of Primitive types - Though Java provides classes for the primitive data types but as the usage of primitives is permissible, its considered unpure OOP's language.

2. Usage of Static members - Static members belong to the class and not objects and hence not considered fit for pure OOP's programming.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     oops  object oriented programming  object oriented language  primitive data types     Asked in 2 Companies

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