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Q121. What is context switching wrt Threads in Java?

Ans. Context Switching is the process of storing and restoring of CPU state so that Thread execution can be resumed from the same point at a later point of time.

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Q122. What is TypeCasting ?

Core Java

Ans. Assigning a value of one type to a variable of another type is known as Type Casting.

Example :

int x = 10;
byte y = (byte)x;

In Java, type casting is classified into two types, Widening Casting(Implicit) widening-type-conversion and Narrowing Casting (Explicitly done) narrowing-type-conversion.

Widening or Automatic type converion - Automatic Type casting take place when,the two types are compatible and the target type is larger than the source type

Example :

public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int i = 100;
long l = i; //no explicit type casting required
float f = l;//no explicit type casting required
System.out.println("Int value " i);
System.out.println("Long value " l);
System.out.println("Float value " f);
}
}

Narrowing or Explicit type conversion - When you are assigning a larger type value to a variable of smaller type, then you need to perform explicit type casting.

Example :

public class Test{
public static void main(String[] args) {
double d = 100.04;
long l = (long)d; //explicit type casting required
int i = (int)l;//explicit type casting required
System.out.println("Double value " d);
System.out.println("Long value " l);
System.out.println("Int value " i);
}
}

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Q123. Difference between git fetch and git pull ?

Git

Ans. git pull does a git fetch followed by a git merge. git fetch only change the remote tracking but never attempts to make changes to the local.

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Q124. How can we schedule Lambda function to run daily ?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. We can schedule that through CloudWatch.

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Q125. What is @EnableSptringMVC ?

Spring

^{This question was recently asked at 'Tata Consultancy (TCS)'.This question is still unanswered. Can you please provide an answer.}

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Q126. If you have to pull a sub string out of a string, which method would you use - using String methods or Pattern / Matcher ?

Design

Ans. It depends on how complex it is and if in future it would need any sort opf debugging. It's not easy to debug code if it's making heavy use of shortcuts like Lambda , Patterns etc.

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Q127. Which AWS service can be used for creating Billing Alarms ?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. AWS CloudWatch

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Q128. Which AWS service can be used to monitor EC2 ?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. CloudWatch

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Q129. Are CloudWatch metrics available with free tier ?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. Only Basic not advanced

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Q130. What are the Default metrics available for EC2 in CloudWatch ?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. CPU, Disk, Network, Status

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Q131. How frequently Cloudwatch monitor AWS services for generating metrics ?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. 5 mins for Standard / Basic
1 min for Detailed / advanced

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Q132. Difference between CloudWatch and CloudTrail ?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. CloudWatch is for monitoring resources whereas CloudTrail is for auditing activity.

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Q133. What are inline functions ?

Programming Language

Ans. Inline functions , just like C++ Macros is an optimized technique used by compiler to reduce the execution time. If the function is working on pre identified values ( which aren't resolved at runtime ), the function can execute the method and evaluate the outcome at compile time only instead of making a function call at runtime.

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Q134. What is the concept of hibernate versioning ?

Hibernate

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Q135. Details of networking apis supported by java.

Ans. retrofit 2, volly and OkHttp

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Q136. what is dispatcher servlet@componentScan use ?

Spring Framework

Ans. @ComponentScan in a Spring Application.

With Spring, we use the @ComponentScan annotation along with the @Configuration annotation to specify the packages that we want to be scanned. @ComponentScan without arguments tells Spring to scan the current package and all of its sub-packages.

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Q137. Give specific situation about when to go for constructor based injection and setter based injection in spring.

Spring

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Q138. Give an example of a time when you recommended code changes in a code review that simplified the code ?

Code Review

Ans. If there is a situation to remove duplicates values from an arrayList. Developer implemented using legacy for-loop where I suggested to use Linked hash set to remove duplicates from the list.

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_{Like Discuss Correct / Improve Clean code Asked in 3 Companies}

Q139. Why Spring boot is preferred over Spring MVC ?

Ans. Spring Boot aims to shorten the code length and provide you with the easiest way to develop a web application. It helps create a stand-alone application with less or almost zero-configuration.

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Q140. What is Message Queue or MQ ?

Data Structure

Ans. Message queues implement an asynchronous communication pattern between two or more processes/threads whereby the sending and receiving party do not need to interact with the message queue at the same time. Messages placed onto the queue are stored until the recipient retrieves them. Message queues have implicit or explicit limits on the size of data that may be transmitted in a single message and the number of messages that may remain outstanding on the queue.

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Q141. Difference between ViewChild and ContentChild.

Angular

Ans. Any directive, component, and element which is part of component template is accessed as ViewChild. Whereas, any element or component which is projected inside is accessed as ContentChild.

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Q142. Which of the following is not the benefit of Lazy Initialization in Hibernate ?

Hibernate

a. Laod When required provides better performance

b. Object stays lighter

c. Less number of Database calls

d. Less load on Database

Ans.c. Less number of Database calls

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