Interview Questions and Answers for 'C' | Search Interview Question

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Q511. What are the biggest challenges for Java technology in the coming years?

Ans. JVM - With Cloud and Serverless, this could be a hurdle for it to be preferred technology.

Confusion between OOP and Functional Programming.

Slower speed of innovation due to wider adoption.

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Q512. Difference between Base Class, Derived Class , Abstract Class and Concrete Class ?

Core Java

Ans. Base Class is a relative term used to signify the Parent class in Parent - Child or Base - derived relationship.

Derived Class is a relative term used to signify the Child class in Parent - Child or Base - derived relationship.

Abstract Class is a class that is not allowed to be instantiated and hence can serve only a base class for it's usage.

Concrete Class is the class which is supposed to be instantiated and hence provide definition for all implementing interface methods and extending abstract methods.

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Q513. Difference between EFS and EBS ?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. Both EFS and EBS are block storage but EBS is reserved storage whereas EFS is On Demand.

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Q514. Which AWS computing service provides IAAS, PAAS , Containerization and Serverless ?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. EC2 is IAAS
Elastic Beanstalk is PAAS
EKS is Containerization service
Lambda is Serverless

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Q515. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using Lambda over EC2 ?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. Advantages -

Much Cheaper
Continuous scaling
Higher level and Serverless

Disadvantages -

Warm up time
Limited flexibility in terms of technologies
Limited control

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Q516. Can we associate a single EFS volume with multiple EC2 instances ?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. Yes

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Q517. What are the different trigger types in AWS Lambda ?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. Api Gateway
Alexa
CloudFront
CloudWatch
Code Commit
Kinesis
S3
SNS

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Q518. Why AWS named the DNS service as Route 53 ?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. Route is for routing which is the purpose of DNS and Default port for DNS is 53

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Q519. What happens to backups if we delete the RDS instance ?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. Automated Backups are deleted automatically whereas Snapshots are preserved. Upon terminating RDS instance , AWS gives a warning about that and requests to create a final snapshot before terminating the instance.

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Q520. Describe best practices with respect to AWS security groups ?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. Configure it while creating EC2 instance only

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Q521. How would you secure EC2, Volume and Snapshots in Cloud ?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. Adding more security group, it works like a firewall

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Q522. What is mounting in AWS ?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. Attaching Volumes ( EBS / EFS ) on AWS Computing ( EC2, EKS )

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Q523. Can we have internal or private ELB as origin in cloudfront ?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. No, it should be public as cloudfront doesn't have a way to access private ELB.

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Q524. Difference between NAT Instances and NAT Gateway

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. High bandwidth and availability in NAT Gateway
NAT Gateway is completely managed by AWS
NAT Gateway is auto scalable
NAT Instance is just like EC2 instance and hence backed by security group
NAT Instance can be used as bastion host whereas NAT Gateway cannot be.

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Q525. When singleton can break and how to resolve it

Design

Ans. Deserialization. In serialization, we can save the object of a byte stream into a file or send over a network. Suppose if you serialize the Singleton class, and then again de-serialize that object, it will create a new instance, hence deserialization will break the Singleton pattern.

To overcome this issue, we need to override readResolve() method in the Singleton class and return the same Singleton instance.

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Q526. why string pool concept for only String but not for StringBuffer ?

Core Java

Ans. As String is immutable so by maintaining pool area we can refer the object to same area if they are with same content. But when it comes to string buffer or builder then due to mutable property if we do so then all the objects referring to that area will from now has new content.. So as to avoid this pool is present only in string.

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Q527. why string pool concept for only String but not for StringBuffer ?

Core Java

^{This question was recently asked at 'oodles technology'.This question is still unanswered. Can you please provide an answer.}

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Q528. What are different ways a user can be authenticated other than username / password ?

Authentication

Ans. IP Authentication
IP Range Authentication
Certificates
Authentication Cards

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Q529. Difference between List and LinkedList ?

Core Java

Ans. A List is an child interface of collection interface in java where as Linked list is and implementation class of List interface which has doubly linked as a underlying data structure

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Q530. How to track immediate parent of the child in selenium using xpath?

Selenium

Ans. Using ./

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Q531. Is Google App Engine , IAAS, PAAS or SAAS ?

Google Cloud Platform (GCP)

Ans. It's PAAS ( Platform as a service )

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Q532. Why would a cloud customer use resources in multiple regions and zones ?

Cloud Computing

Ans. 1. Fault Tolerance
2. Better Access by bringing the application closer to the users.

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Q533. Have you ever heard about csrf attacks ?

Security

Ans. Yes, Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) is an attack that forces an end user to execute unwanted actions on a web application in which they're currently authenticated.

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Q534. Do you think a csrf token should only be generated after authentication ?

Security

Ans. No, they should be created before authentication too

https://cheatsheetseries.owasp.org/cheatsheets/Cross-Site_Request_Forgery_Prevention_Cheat_Sheet.html#login-csrf

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Q535. What is concurrent interface ?

Core Java

Ans. ConcurrentMap is an interface and it is a member of the Java Collections Framework. It represents a Map that is capable of handling concurrent access to it without affecting the consistency of entries in a map. ConcurrentMap interface present in java.util.concurrent package.

HashMap operations are not synchronized, while Hashtable provides synchronization. Though Hashtable is thread-safe, it is not very efficient. To solve this issue, the Java Collections Framework introduced ConcurrentMap in Java 1.5.

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Q536. Write a program to print next largest palindrome number?

Core Java

^{This question was recently asked at 'Ksolves'.This question is still unanswered. Can you please provide an answer.}

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Q537. What are system integrators in Cloud Computing?

Cloud Computing

^{This question is still unanswered. Can you please provide an answer.}

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Q538. Why cannot we initialize a final field within the constructor if the initialization is within try block ?

Core Java

Ans. What if the initialization throws an exception. In that case , it will let it move forward without initializing the final field. So it's a way to enforce that either the field is initialized or it fails completely.

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Q539. What is a cookie ?

Java EE

Ans. A cookie is a small piece of text stored on a user's computer by the browser for a specific domain. Commonly used for authentication, storing site preferences, and server session identification.

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Q540. Can we reduce the visibility of the overridden method ?

Core Java

Ans. No

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