Interview Questions and Answers for 'Java' | Search Interview Question

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Advanced level question frequently asked in US based companies. Recently asked in EMC and Intuit.

Q1301. Can you provide some implementation of a Dictionary having large number of words ?

Solution

Ans. Simplest implementation we can have is a List wherein we can place ordered words and hence can perform Binary Search.

Other implementation with better search performance is to use HashMap with key as first character of the word and value as a LinkedList.

Further level up, we can have linked Hashmaps like ,

hashmap {
a ( key ) -> hashmap (key-aa , value (hashmap(key-aaa,value)
b ( key ) -> hashmap (key-ba , value (hashmap(key-baa,value)
....................................................................................
z( key ) -> hashmap (key-za , value (hashmap(key-zaa,value)
}

upto n levels ( where n is the average size of the word in dictionary.

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Q1302. Difference between PATH and CLASSPATH ?

Operating System

Ans. PATH is the variable that holds the directories for the OS to look for executables. CLASSPATH is the variable that holds the directories for JVM to look for .class files ( Byte Code ).

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Q1303. Name few access and non access Class Modifiers ?

Ans. private , public and protected are access modifiers.

final and abstract are non access modifiers.

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Q1304. Which Java collection class can be used to maintain the entries in the order in which they were last accessed?

Ans. LinkedHashMap

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Q1305. Is it legal to initialize List like this ?

LinkedList l=new LinkedList();

Ans. No, Generic parameters cannot be primitives.

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Q1306. Which of the following syntax is correct ?import static java.lang.System.*;or static import java.lang.System.*;

Core Java

Ans. import static java.lang.System.*;

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Q1307. What will be the output of following code ?

public static void main(String[] args)
{
int x = 10;
int y;
if (x < 100) y = x / 0;
if (x >= 100) y = x * 0;
System.out.println("The value of y is: " + y);
}

Ans. The code will not compile raising an error that the local variable y might not have been initialized. Unlike member variables, local variables are not automatically initialized to the default values for their declared type.

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Q1308. What will be the output of following Code ?

class BuggyBread {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      String s2 = "I am unique!";
      String s5 = "I am unique!";

      System.out.println(s2 == s5);
   }
}

Core Java

Ans. true, due to String Pool, both will point to a same String object.

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Q1309. What will be the output of following code ?
class BuggyBread2 {
   private static int counter = 0;
   void BuggyBread2() {
      counter = 5;
   }

   BuggyBread2(int x){
      counter = x;
   }

   public static void main(String[] args) {
      BuggyBread2 bg = new BuggyBread2();
      System.out.println(counter);
   }
}

Core Java

Ans. Compile time error as it won't find the constructor matching BuggyBread2().
Compiler won't provide default no argument constructor as programmer has already defined one constructor.
Compiler will treat user defined BuggyBread2() as a method, as return type ( void ) has been specified for that.

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Very frequently asked in companies using SOA.

Q1310. What are RESTful Web Services ?

Rest

Ans. REST or Representational State Transfer is a flexible architecture style for creating web services that recommends the following guidelines -

1. http for client server communication,
2. XML / JSON as formatiing language ,
3. Simple URI as address for the services and,
4. stateless communication.

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Q1311. Which markup languages can be used in restful web services ?

Rest

Ans. XML and JSON ( Javascript Object Notation ).

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Frequently asked to experienced developers. Recently asked in many US interviews.

Q1312. What is database deadlock ? How can we avoid them?

Database

Ans. When multiple external resources are trying to access the DB locks and runs into cyclic wait, it may makes the DB unresponsive.

Deadlock can be avoided using variety of measures, Few listed below -

Can make a queue wherein we can verify and order the request to DB.

Less use of cursors as they lock the tables for long time.

Keeping the transaction smaller.

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Q1313. what will be the output of this code ?

public static void main(String[] args){
   StringBuffer s1=new StringBuffer("Buggy");
   test(s1);
   System.out.println(s1);
}

private static void test(StringBuffer s){
   s.append("Bread");
}

Core Java

Ans. BuggyBread

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Q1314. what will be the output of this code ?

public static void main(String[] args)    {
   String s1=new String("Buggy");
   test(s1);
   System.out.println(s1);
}

private static void test(StringBuffer s){
   s.append("Bread");
}

Core Java

Ans. Buggy

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Q1315. what will be the output of this code ?

public static void main(String[] args)    {
   StringBuffer s1=new StringBuffer("Buggy");
   test(s1);
   System.out.println(s1);
}

private static void test(StringBuffer s){
   s=new StringBuffer("Bread");
}

Core Java

Ans. Buggy

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Q1316. what will be the output ?

class Animal {
public void eat() throws Exception {
}
}

class Dog2 extends Animal {
public void eat(){}
public static void main(){
Animal an = new Dog2();
an.eat();
}
}

Core Java

Ans. Compile Time Error: Unhandled exception type Exception

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Q1317. What are advantages of using Servlets over CGI ?

Java EE

Ans. Better Performance as Servlets doesn't require a separate process for a single request.

Servlets are platform independent as they are written in Java.

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Q1318. Can we add duplicate keys in a HashMap ? What will happen if we attempt to add duplicate values ?

Ans. No, We cannot have duplicate keys in HashMap. If we attempt to do so , the previous value for the key is overwritten.

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Q1319. What is the use of HTTPSession in relation to http protocol ?

Java EE

Ans. http protocol on its own is stateless. So it helps in identifying the relationship between multiple stateless request as they come from a single source.

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Q1320. Why using cookie to store session info is a better idea than just using session info in the request ?

Java EE

Ans. Session info in the request can be intercepted and hence a vulnerability. Cookie can be read and write by respective domain only and make sure that right session information is being passed by the client.

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Q1321. What are different types of cookies ?

Java EE

Ans. Session cookies , which are deleted once the session is over.

Permanent cookies , which stays at client PC even if the session is disconnected.

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Q1322. http protocol is by default ... ?

Java EE

Ans. stateless

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Q1323. Can finally block throw an exception ?

Core Java

Ans. Yes. Methods invoked from within a finally block can throw an exception. Failure to catch and handle such exceptions results in the abrupt termination of the entire try block.

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Q1324. Can we have try and catch blocks within finally ?

Core Java

Ans. Yes, if we have a cleanup code that might throw an exception in the finally block, then we can have a try-catch block

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Q1325. Which of the following is a canonical path ?

1. C:\directory\..\directory\file.txt
2. C:\directory\subDirectory1\directory\file.txt
3. \directory\file.txt

Ans. 2nd

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Q1326. What will the following code print when executed on Windows ?

public static void main(String[] args){
String parent = null;
File file = new File("/file.txt");
System.out.println(file.getPath());
System.out.println(file.getAbsolutePath());
try {
System.out.println(file.getCanonicalPath());
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}

Core Java

Ans. file.txtC:file.txtC:file.txt

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Q1327. What will be the output of following code ?

public static void main(String[] args){
String name = null;
File file = new File("/folder", name);
System.out.print(file.exists());
}

Core Java

Ans. NullPointerException

at line: "File file = new File("/folder", name);"

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Q1328. What will be the output of following code ?

public static void main(String[] args){
String parent = null;
File file = new File(parent, "myfile.txt");
try {
file.createNewFile();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}

Core Java

Ans. It will create the file myfile.txt in the current directory.

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Q1329. What will be the output of following code ?

public static void main(String[] args){
String child = null;
File file = new File("/folder", child);
try {
file.createNewFile();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}

Core Java

Ans. NullPointerException at line:File file = new File("/folder", child);

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Q1330. What will be the output of following code, assuming that currently we are in c:Project ?

public static void main(String[] args){
String child = null;
File file = new File("../file.txt");
System.out.println(file.getPath());
System.out.println(file.getAbsolutePath());
try {
System.out.println(file.getCanonicalPath());
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}

Core Java

Ans. ..file.txt
C:WorkspaceProject..file.txt
C:Workspacefile.txt

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