Interview Questions and Answers for 'MIT' | Search Java Interview Question

Interview Questions and Answers for 'MIT' - 16 question(s) found - Order By Newest

Advanced level question. Frequently asked in High end product companies. Frequently asked in Cognizant and Deloitte ( Based on 2 feedback )

Q1. Why is String immutable in Java ?

Core Java

^Anonymous

Ans. 1. String Pool - When a string is created and if it exists in the pool, the reference of the existing string will be returned instead of creating a new object. If string is not immutable, changing the string with one reference will lead to the wrong value for the other references.

Example -

String str1 = "String1";
String str2 = "String1"; // It doesn't create a new String and rather reuses the string literal from pool

// Now both str1 and str2 pointing to same string object in pool, changing str1 will change it for str2 too

2. To Cache its Hashcode - If string is not immutable, One can change its hashcode and hence it's not fit to be cached.

3. Security - String is widely used as parameter for many java classes, e.g. network connection, opening files, etc. Making it mutable might possess threats due to interception by the other code segment.

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Frequently asked to fresh graduates and less experienced developers. Among the first few questions in many interviews.

Q2. What are the difference between composition and inheritance in Java?

Core Java

^{Admin
info@buggybread.com}

Ans. Composition - has-a relationship between objects.
Inheritance - is-a relationship between classes.

Composition - Composing object holds a reference to composed objects and hence relationship is loosely bound.
Inheritance - Derived object carries the base class definition in itself and hence its tightly bound.

Composition - Used in Dependency Injection
Inheritance - Used in Runtime Polymorphism

Composition - Single class objects can be composed within multiple classes.
Inheritance - Single class can only inherit 1 Class.

Composition - Its the relationship between objects.
Inheritance - Its the relationship between classes.

Sample Code for inheritance

Sample Code for composition

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Q3. Explain OOPs

or

Explain OOPs Principles

or

Explain OOPs Concepts

or

Explain OOPs features

or

Tell me something about OOPs

Core Java

^{2017-06-13 08:25:45}

Ans. OOPs or Object Oriented Programming is a Programming model which is organized around Objects instead of processes. Instead of a process calling series of processes, this model stresses on communication between objects. Objects that all self sustained, provide security by encapsulating it's members and providing abstracted interfaces over the functions it performs. OOP's facilitate the following features

1. Inheritance for Code Reuse
2. Abstraction for modularity, maintenance and agility
3. Encapsulation for security and protection
4. Polymorphism for flexibility and interfacing

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Frequently asked in all types of companies especially Indian Services companies. Frequently asked in CTS (Based on 2 feedback)

Q4. What is the use of hashcode in Java ?

Core Java

^Anonymous

Ans. Hashcode is used for bucketing in Hash implementations like HashMap, HashTable, HashSet etc. The value received from hashcode() is used as bucket number for storing elements. This bucket number is the address of the element inside the set/map. when you do contains() then it will take the hashcode of the element, then look for the bucket where hashcode points to and if more than 1 element is found in the same bucket (multiple objects can have the same hashcode) then it uses the equals() method to evaluate if object are equal, and then decide if contain() is true or false, or decide if element could be added in the set or not.

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Very Frequently asked to fresh graduates and less experienced. Favorite question in Walk in drives. Frequently asked in Indian Services companies.

Q5. Difference between Overloading and Overriding ?

Core Java

^Anonymous

Ans. Overloading - Similar Signature but different definition , like function overloading.

Overriding - Overriding the Definition of base class in the derived class.

Sample Code for overloading

Sample Code for overriding

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Almost sure to be asked in every company using any Dependency Injection framework ( Spring, Guice etc )

Q6. What is Dependency Injection or IOC ( Inversion of Control ) ?

Design

Ans. It is a Design Pattern that facilitates loose coupling by sending the dependency information ( object references of dependent object ) while building the state of the object. Objects are designed in a manner where they receive instances of the objects from other pieces of code, instead of constructing them internally and hence provide better flexibility.

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Very frequently asked.Usually among first few questions.

Q7. What is MVC ?

Design

^Anonymous

Ans. MVC is a Design Pattern that facilititates loose coupling by segregating responsibilities in a Web application

1. Controller receives the requests and handles overall control of the request
2. Model holds majority of the Business logic, and
3. View comprise of the view objects and GUI component

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Q8. Why Java is not considered pure OOP's language ?

Core Java

Ans. There are 2 reasons for it.

1. Usage of Primitive types - Though Java provides classes for the primitive data types but as the usage of primitives is permissible, its considered unpure OOP's language.

2. Usage of Static members - Static members belong to the class and not objects and hence not considered fit for pure OOP's programming.

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Q9. What are the benefits of using Wrapper classes over primitive types ?

Core Java

^{2017-08-24 21:35:53}

Ans. With Collection classes , we cannot use primitive types. Moreover for any class using generic types, we cannot use primitive types.

They add more functionality by means of additional methods.

As their reference can be null , they offer consistent check for uninitialized state.

They facilitate caching and reuse by means of constant Pools.

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Q10. What are Wrapper Classes ? What are Primitive Wrapper Classes ?

Core Java

^Anonymous

Ans. A wrapper class is any class which "wraps" or "encapsulates" the functionality of another class or component. A Wrapper Class that wraps or encapsulates the primitive data type is called Primitive Wrapper Class.

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Q11. What is the purpose of Commit and Rollback in Databases ?

Database

^{2016-07-14 14:28:55}

Ans. When a DML is executed, the changes only stays in session and still not pushed to DB Tables, Commit is used to push those changes to the Tables.

In case we realize that we don't want to commit those changes and would like to ignore them, we can use rollback.

For example - You may like that for a banking transaction you would like to update the account balance only if the debit or credit record was correctly inserted, so you may like to encapsulate both DML's - insert for transaction and update for balance in a single transaction and would only commit if both succeeds else rollback.

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Usually asked to entry level software developers.

Q12. Write a program to swap two variables without using third

Core Java

^{2017-01-19 15:38:34}

Ans. public static void main(String[] args) {
   int num1 = 1;
   int num2 = 2;
   num1 = num1^num2;
   num2 = num1^num2;
   num1 = num1^num2;
   System.out.print("num1 = " + num1 +", num2 = "+num2);
}

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Q13. What are the different primitive data types in Java ?

Core Java

^{2017-01-28 15:14:23}

Ans. boolean
byte
char
double
float
int
long
short
void

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Q14. Write a Program to print factorial of a number using recursion

Core Java

^{2017-01-29 17:47:20}

Ans. public class BuggyBread {
public static void main(String args[]) {
System.out.println(factorial(5));
}

private static int factorial(int number){
if(number == 1){
return 1;
} else {
return number * factorial(number - 1);
}
}
}

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Q15. What is the difference between GIT Commit and Push ?

GIT

^{2017-02-08 12:32:51}

Ans. Git commit commit the changes to local repository whereas Push commits the changes to Remote repository.

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Q16. What is OSGI ?

^{2018-07-13 12:37:34}

^{This question was recently asked at 'Cerner,Symantec,Adobe,VMWare,Jcr Design Group,Pyramid IT,SEA Software,Amiti Consulting,Ameya Info Technologies,Highbrow Technologies,Coresecure,Analyst Infotech,Holland America,Twin Technologies,DiamondPick,Tanisha Systems,Cengage,Blue Coat,Coxit,LionBridge Technologies,Intersources Inc,Pavlov Media,HumanMinds'.This question is still unanswered. Can you please provide an answer.}

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