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Q1501. How to convert array to list in Java ?

Core Java

Ans. We can use Arrays.asList

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Q1502. Suppose we have a string "Java is object oriented language" and we have to reverse every alternate word in string. How would we do that using Java program.

Core Java

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Q1503. What are annotations and what are it's advantages ?

Core Java

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Q1504. How ConcurrentHashMap provides better performance compared to HashTable ?

Core Java

Ans. ConcurrentHashMap uses multiple buckets to store Data and hence avoid read locks which facilitates better performance.

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Q1505. What is the use of Object class ?

Core Java

Ans. 1. Default definition for some of the methods , like equals, hashcode etc that gets carried to all objects even if you don't define anything. But that default definition is kind of like assigning 0 to integer, it just provide a safe state , nothing much for comparison.

2. Places where you have no idea about what object you may receive and just want to perform out of 8 basic methods of object class, something like printing their string representation ( defined by their toString method ), or equality ( using their equals method )

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Q1506. How is LinkedList collection class internally implemented ? Is it a Linked List or Doubly Linked List ?

Core Java

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Q1507. What is the difference between Kan Ban and Agile ? Which one do you prefer ?

Process

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Q1508. What is the difference between SDLC and Agile ?

Process

Ans. Here are the differences between Agile and Waterfall Methodology:

The software development process is divided into different phases in the Waterfall model while Agile methodology segregates the project development lifecycle into sprints

Waterfall is a structured software development methodology, and often times can be quite rigid, whereas the Agile methodology is known for its flexibility

According to the Waterfall model, software development is to be completed as one single project, which is then divided into different phases, with each phase appearing only once during the SDLC. However, the Agile methodology can be considered as a collection of many different projects, which are nothing but the iterations of the different phases focusing on improving the overall software quality with feedback from users or the QA team

If you want to use the Waterfall model for software development, then you have to be clear with all the development requirements beforehand as there is no scope of changing the requirements once the project development starts. The Agile methodology, on the other hand, is quite flexible, and allows for changes to be made in the project development requirements even after the initial planning has been completed

All the project development phases such as designing, development, testing, etc. are completed once in the Waterfall model while as part of the Agile methodology, they follow an iterative development approach.

As a result, planning, development, prototyping and other software development phases can appear more than once during the entire SDLC One of the major differences between Agile and Waterfall development methodology is their individual approach towards quality and testing.

In the Waterfall model, the Testing phase comes after the Build phase, but, in the Agile methodology, testing is typically performed concurrently with programming or at least in the same iteration as programming

While Waterfall methodology is an internal process and does not require the participation of customers, the Agile software development approach focuses on customer satisfaction and thus, involves the participation of customers throughout the development phase

The Waterfall model can be regarded as a stringently sequential process, however, the Agile methodology is a highly collaborative software development process, thereby leading to better team input and faster problem solving

The Waterfall model is best suited for projects which have clearly defined requirements and in which change is not expected at all, while Agile development supports a process in which the requirements are expected to change and evolve. Thus, if you are planning to develop a software that would require frequent overhauls and has to keep up with the technology landscape and customer requirements, Agile is the best approach to follow

The Waterfall model exhibits a project mindset and lays its focus strictly on the completion of project development, while Agile introduces a product mindset that focuses on ensuring that the developed product satisfies its end customers, and changes itself as the requisites of customers change

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Q1509. What are the benefits of immutability or Immutable classes ?

Core Java

Ans. Immutable objects are thread-safe so you will not have any synchronization issues.Immutable objects are good for Map keys and Set elements, since these typically do not change once created.Immutability makes it easier to write, use and reason about the code (class invariant is established once and then unchanged)Immutability makes it easier to parallelize your program as there are no conflicts among objects.The internal state of your program will be consistent even if you have exceptions.References to immutable objects can be cached as they are not going to change.

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Q1510. Which of the two - Arrays or LinkedList - is a better data structure for implementing Queue ? and Why ?

Data Structure

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Q1511. Which immutable classes have you worked with ? Can you name some immutable Collections ? How to make an immutable collection ?

Core Java

Ans. string and wrapper class objects

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Q1512. What is a BlockingQueue ?

Core Java

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Q1513. Do we have sorted collection for List ?

Core Java

Ans. Not in java.util

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Q1514. Which Data structure can be used for creating Queue ?

Data Structure

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Q1515. Is there any schema in mongo DB ?

MongoDB

Ans. There is schema in mongo-db but the schema need not to be defined before creating collection.

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Q1516. How can we ensure thread safety in static method ?

Core Java

Ans. By using synchronized static method or synchronized block

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Q1517. Write an SQL to get Employees who are also Managers

SQL

Ans. SELECT A.NAME FROM EMPLOYEE A, EMPLOYEE B WHERE A.ID = B.MANAGER_ID

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Q1518. Write a SQL to display all duplicate names from Employee Table

SQL

Ans. SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEE A WHERE A.ROW_ID IN (SELECT MAX(ROW_ID) FROM EMPLOYEE b WHERE A.NAME = B.NAME )

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Q1519. Write a SQL to find max salary by Dept

SQL

Ans. SELECT MAX(SALARY),DEPT FROM EMPLOYEE GROUP BY DEPT

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Q1520. Can we have contracts like WSDL with Rest Services ?

Web Service

Ans. Yes, we can have WADL to specify the contract but unlike SOAP , the usage is optional.

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Q1521. What are some of the SOAP frameworks ?

SOAP

Ans. Apache Axis, Apache CXF

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Q1522. In a Tree, find common ancestor of two nodes.

Data Structures

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Q1523. Do we have Integer constant pool of primitive int or Integer objects ?

Core Java

Ans. It's of Integer objects and not primitive int.

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Q1524. Is immutability an advantage with Wrapper classes over primitive types ?

Core Java

Ans. There is no concept of de referencing with primitive types and hence they are implicitly immutable. Having wrapper classes as mutable offers disadvantages compared to primitive types. Wrapper classes being immutable offer similar advantage as primitive types.It actually overshadows the disadvantage wrapper class could have if they are immutable.

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Q1525. What is the difference between uninitialized values for primitive types and Wrapper classes ?

Core Java

Ans. When we create reference for primitive type, it's memory is allocated. So even if we don't assign any value to it, the default value is initialized.

int x; // default value 0 initialized

But for object references, it's different as references hold nothing till an object is assigned.

Object obj; // contains null

So all primitive types when declared , contains their respective default values on the basis of their type whereas all wrapper class References contains null irrespective of their types.

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Q1526. Can we use primitive types with Collection classes ?

Core Java

Ans. No, As collection classes involve use of Generics, they cannot accept primitive types.

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Q1527. What are the benefits of using Wrapper classes over primitive types ?

Core Java

Ans. With Collection classes , we cannot use primitive types. Moreover for any class using generic types, we cannot use primitive types.

They add more functionality by means of additional methods.

As their reference can be null , they offer consistent check for uninitialized state.

They facilitate caching and reuse by means of constant Pools.

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Q1528. What do you do when told to do something that you don't agree with?

General

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Q1529. Write a Program to print fibonacci series using recursion.

Core Java

Ans. public class FibonacciUsingRecursion {
   public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException{
      getNextFibanocci(1,1);
   }

   static int getNextFibanocci(int a,int b){
      if(a+b >= 100){
         return 0;
      } else {
         System.out.println(a+b);
         getNextFibanocci(b,a+b);
      }

      return 0;
   }
}

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Q1530. How would you describe your current or previous Boss ?

General

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