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Q1441. What will the following code print and Why

class Class1 {
static{
System.out.println("Wow");
}
public static final int xyz=1;
}

class Class2{
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println(String.valueOf(Class1.xyz));
}
}

Core Java

Ans. 1

Reason being that Class1.xyz is replaced with 1 during pre compilation only and a reference to Class1 is never made.

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Q1442. Why do we have multiple core java jars in java 9 ?

Core Java

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Q1443. What is the concept of modules in Java 9 ?

Core Java

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Q1444. How modules are different than packages in Java 9 ?

Core Java

Ans. Modules are independently build units and contains multiple packages.

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Q1445. How Java 9 helps in building light weight applications ?

Core Java

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Q1446. Do we need different class loaders for different modules in Java 9 ?

Core Java

Ans. No, We can use the same class loader.

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Q1447. What is ModuleDescriptor ?

Core Java

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Q1448. What is ModuleLayer ?

Core Java

Ans. A Module layer is created from a graph of modules and is a function that maps modules to their class loaders.

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Q1449. Difference between named and unnamed modules ?

Core Java

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Q1450. What is the use of Requires, Exports, Opens and provides within Module Descriptor ?

Core Java

Ans. Requires specifies the dependencies for the module, i.e the modules required for this module to function.

Exports specifies the packages exported by the module.

Opens specifies the packages opened by the module.

Provides specifies the services provided by the module

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Q1451. Does Java 9 allows same package within different modules ?

Core Java

Ans. Yes it allows if the modules are mapped to different class loaders.

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Q1452. What are the qualified and unqualified packages ?

Core Java

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Q1453. How does modularity in Java 9 facilitates better encapsulation ?

Core Java

Ans. By providing dependencies , services and exports explicitly

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Q1454. How does Java 9 provides backward compatibility with libraries that haven't published themselves as modules ?

Core Java

Ans. Though Automatic modules. Any JAR on the module path without module descriptor ends up as automatic module

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Q1455. What is the default setting for Automatic modules regarding exporting packages and reading modules ?

Core Java

Ans. As one purpose of automatic module is to provide backward compatibility with the module less dependencies, automatic modules exports all packages and include all other modules.

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Q1456. What is JShell?

Core Java

Ans. JShell is a feature in java 9 using which we can code and test without compiling using javac and see the result of calculations directly.

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Q1457. What could be the reason for allowing private methods in java 9 ?

Core Java

Ans. Java 8 allowed for method implementation using default methods in interfaces. As those default methods could contain complex logic and might need organizing the logic into multiple methods, they have allowed for private methods.

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Q1458. How many Java developers are there in world ?

General

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Q1459. What is mparticle ?

Mparticle

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Q1460. What is Snowflake ?

Snowflake

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Q1461. What is the programming advantage of Immutability ?

Design

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Q1462. What are the disadvantages of immutability ?

Design

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Q1463. What is a weak reference ?

Core Java

Ans. A weak reference is a reference that gets removed on the next garbage collection cycle.

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Q1464. Write a program that count the number of access to a method?

Core Java

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Q1465. Should we have instance variables in the Spring Bean which has been scoped as Singleton ?

Spring

Ans. No, if required we should only have final variables. Bean scoped singleton means that only one instance of the bean will be created and will be shared among different requests and hence instance variables will get shared too.

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Q1466. Create a stack of specific size using arrayList?

Data Structure

Ans. public class StackUsingArrayList {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      List list = new ArrayList();
      list.add("A");
      list.add("B");
      list.add("C");

      Stack stack = new Stack();

      list.forEach(a -> stack.add(a));
      System.out.println(stack);

   }
}

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Q1467. What are the ways to break singleton pattern ?

Design

Ans. If we don't have double checked locking, it can be broken easily through multi threaded access.

Through Reflection.

If multiple class loaders are loading the class.

If the class is serializable or cloneable.

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Q1468. Why the singleton class should never implement Cloneable interface ?

Design

Ans. Because Singleton implementation doesn't restrict it from cloning and hence we can have multiple objects when we actually don't intend it to have multiple objects.

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Q1469. How serialization breaks Singleton pattern ?

Design

Ans. It's not serialization but de serialization that breaks purpose of singleton as new objects can be brought to life using the serialized object.

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Q1470. How Reflection can break any design pattern ?

Design

Ans. Using java reflection api, we can tweak into a class and modify it's runtime behavior and hence modify the pattern it might be using.

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