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Interview Questions and Answers - Order By Newest | ||||
Frequently asked Design Pattern interview question. | ||||
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Ans. The prototype pattern is a creational design pattern. It is used when the type of objects to create is determined by a prototypical instance, which is cloned to produce new objects. Prototype is used when we need duplicate copies of objects. | ||||
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Like Discuss Correct / Improve  design pattern  prototype design pattern  cloning Asked in 11 Companies intermediate | ||||
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Ans. Entries in DB will be retrieved at runtime unless a cache is maintained in application. Entries in File will be loaded to memory by default. Both can be implemented in 1 manner or other. By default property file will take space in memory, will be faster, and will require application restart on change. By Default DB config will be pulled at runtime, will be little slower, and doesn't require an application restart. | ||||
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Ans. Yes, When either we don't want an object to be created ( class having all static elements and hence not required ) or object to be created using a static method or static block. One such example could be a situation when we would like app to load objects at start up and we would like to restrict new object creation by any request. | ||||
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Like Discuss Correct / Improve  private constructor  constructor | ||||
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Ans. No, DAO's should only have methods to perform CRUD operations. Application logic should reside in service methods. | ||||
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Ans. We can use an expiration map whose entries gets expired after a certain interval and then we can put the logic to retrieve the entries if its expired in map. Alternatively we can create a separate class and make map its element. We can refresh the map in this class periodically by using a monitoring thread within static block. | ||||
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Ans. Responsive web design is a approach to web design that allow desktop webpages to be viewed perfectly in different devices and sizes. | ||||
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Ans. AWS Services - CloudFront for distribution / caching, EC2 for computing, EBS for block storage , S3 for object storage , RDS for database , Kinesis for streaming , CloudWatch for monitoring. Technologies - Java for back end with Spring Boot , Angular , RxJs for front end . Architecture - Service Oriented. Multi layer. | ||||
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Ans. https://www.programcreek.com/2013/03/leetcode-lru-cache-java/ | ||||
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Ans. public class SingleTon { private SingleTon() { if (singleTon != null) { throw new RuntimeException("cant not create the object"); } } public Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException { throw new CloneNotSupportedException("can not be create"); } static private volatile SingleTon singleTon; public static SingleTon getInstance() { SingleTon singleTon = this.sample; if (singleTon == null) { synchronized (this) { singleTon = this.singleTon; if (singleTon == null) { singleTon = this.singleton = new SingleTon(); } } } return singleTon; } } | ||||
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Like Discuss Correct / Improve  singleton  design pattern Asked in 2 Companies | ||||
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Ans. Factory Design Patterns is the pattern that recommends creation of separate Factory Object for creation of other object. So its like saying - If you want to create an object of ClassA, Talk to FactoryObject ( which is an object of FactoryClass ). FactoryObject in itself encapsulates the inputs and logic required to make the decision regarding the creation and construction of object. | ||||
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Like Discuss Correct / Improve  design pattern  factory design pattern Asked in 9 Companies | ||||
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Ans. public class BuggyBread { public static void main(String args[]) { for(int x=10;x<100;x++){ int tensDigit = x/10; int unitDigit = x%10; if((tensDigit+unitDigit)*3 == x){ System.out.println(x); } } } } | ||||
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Ans. Both are creational design patterns but singleton facilitates in creation and reuse of single object whereas Factory deals with creation of multiple objects. | ||||
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Like Discuss Correct / Improve  Design pattern  singleton  factory  singleton vs factory Asked in 4 Companies | ||||
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This question was recently asked at 'Netcracker Technology'.This question is still unanswered. Can you please provide an answer. | ||||
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Like Discuss Correct / Improve  Design Asked in 1 Companies | ||||
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Ans. Factory,Abstract Factory,Singleton,Prototype and Builder | ||||
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Like Discuss Correct / Improve  Design Pattrns  Creational Design Patterns Intermediate | ||||
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Ans. Adapter,Bridge,Composite,Decorator,Facade,Flyweight,Proxy | ||||
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Like Discuss Correct / Improve  Design Patterns  Structural Design Patterns Intermediate | ||||
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Ans. Interpreter,Chain of Responsibility,Command,Iterator,Observer,Mediator,Memento | ||||
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Like Discuss Correct / Improve  Behavioral Design Patterns Intermediate | ||||
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Ans. [Open Ended Answer] | ||||
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Ans. Constructor's objective is to initialize member elements. If we don't deviate from that and don't have methods with logic in them, I don't see an issue with constructor's calling other methods assuming the methods are doing nothing but initialization. There are situations wherein we classify the member elements based on their type and hence having different initialization methods for different element types will give a better abstracted way to initialize them. | ||||
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Like Discuss Correct / Improve  design constructor | ||||
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Ans. I would avoid that. If we need to initialize member elements differently on the basis of some condition, I would prefer having overloaded constructors. I don't see a need to have a loop for initializing member elements unless the count of elements is huge and they all need to be initialized with common value. | ||||
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Like Discuss Correct / Improve  design constructor  for loop | ||||
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Ans. Builder ( While Writing Unit Tests ) Prototype ( Cloning ) Adapter ( asList , toString ) Chain Of Responsibility ( Logging ) Singleton Factory ( Action Mapping ) Proxy Observer ( Event Listener ) MVC ( Web frameworks ) Filter ( Criteria ) | ||||
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Like Discuss Correct / Improve  Design Patterns  widely used Design patterns intermediate   frequent | ||||
Try 1 Question(s) Test | ||||
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Ans. static final variables public variables ( though it should be avoided ) private variables constructor public methods private methods. | ||||
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Ans. Though it's useful but it's not as useful as overriding member or object methods. We cannot achieve polymorphic behavior with static methods by overriding their definition in derived class. | ||||
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Like Discuss Correct / Improve  override static methods | ||||
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Ans. I like to keep the names in Capital Camel case. Moreover I prefer to keep the names for classes, enums and interfaces such that they are easily distinguishable just by the pattern of their names. | ||||
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Like Discuss Correct / Improve  naming convention | ||||
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This question is still unanswered. Can you please provide an answer. | ||||
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This question is still unanswered. Can you please provide an answer. | ||||
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Ans. Convention over configuration is a way of software design used by frameworks that attempt to decrease the number of decisions that a developer is required to make without necessarily losing flexibility. The objective is to reduce the unnecessary configurations and follow conventions to accomplish that. For example - DB Entity and DB Table name conventionally should be same and hence shouldn't require configuring mapping between the two. "Spring Boot" and "Ruby on Rails" have adopted this design principle. | ||||
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Ans. Yes, It may result in some loss of flexibility as the application has to follow all conventions. Moreover it can contradict with other design paradigms or principles used in the application or framework. | ||||
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Ans. Hibernate mapping configurations are used for mapping hibernate entities and corresponding DB Tables. Conventionally Entities and Table can share the same name and hence framework can provide implicit mapping instead of explicit mapping through configurations. Though it may result in little loss of flexibility in extreme cases but will work with all applications following the convention. | ||||
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Ans. It is used for intercepting the request. It's primary use is to implement security policy. All or specific request types can be intercepted and hence forwarded to authentication / authorization module so as to facilitate authorized requests to application. | ||||
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Like Discuss Correct / Improve  interceptors  interceptor design pattern | ||||
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Ans. It introduces a layer of adaptations before it reaches the final and desired interface. Moreover sometimes all requests are forwarded to adapter class. Some of such requests doesn't even require any sort of adaptions as they are qualified to call the final interface directly and introducing overheads. | ||||
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Like Discuss Correct / Improve  Adapter Design Pattern  design pattern | ||||