Interview Questions and Answers for 'Java' | Search Interview Question

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Q311. What are some different logging levels for log4j ?

Log4j

Ans. DEBUG
ERROR
ALL
WARN
INFO
FATAL
OFF
TRACE
TRACE_INT
WARN

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Not frequently asked as it was introduced with Java 8.

Q312. What is the use of Optional ?

Core Java

Ans. Optional is a good way to protect application from runtime nullPointerException in case the the absent value has been represented as null. So basically Optional class provides the type checking during compile time and hence will never result in NPE.

For ex -

List> intList = new ArrayList>();
intList.add(Optional.empty());
intList.add(Optional.of(new Employee("abc")));
intList.add(Optional.of(new Employee("xyz")));
intList.add(Optional.of(new Employee("123")));
System.out.println(intList.get(0).getName());

So Now , even when the first list element is empty, this code will never throw an NullPointerException.

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Q313. Can we generate Java Documentation using Export -> JavaDoc using a jar file ?

Eclipse

Ans. Yes, If the jar contains the source code. No, If it contains only classes.

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Rarely asked as it was introduced with Java 8.

Q314. Name few "Optional" classes introduced with Java 8 ?

Core Java

Ans. http://www.buggybread.com/2015/01/java-optional-classes-and-interfaces.html

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Q315. Name few IO Stream classes and interfaces ?

Core Java

Ans. http://www.buggybread.com/2015/01/java-stream-io-classes-and-interfaces.html

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Q316. Name few File IO related classes and interfaces ?

Core Java

Ans. http://www.buggybread.com/2015/01/java-file-io-classes-and-interfaces.html

Sample Code for File

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Q317. What are the various ways in which build can be scheduled in Jenkins ?

Jenkins

Ans. Builds can be triggered by source code management commits.
Can be triggered after completion of other builds.
Can be scheduled to run at specified time ( crons )
Manual Build Requests

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Q318. What is the relation between hudson and Jenkins ?

Jenkins

Ans. Hudson was the earlier version of current Jenkins. After some issue , the project name was changed from Hudson to Jenkins.

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Q319. Difference between Stack and Heap memory ?

Core Java

Ans. Stack memory areas is used to hold method and local variables while objects are always allocated memory in the heap. The heap memory is shared between multiple threads whereas Stack memory isn't.

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Q320. Which of the following cannot be marked static ?

a. Constructors , Classes ( Outer ) , Classes ( nested ), Interfaces , Local variables , Inner Class methods and instance variables.
b. Constructors , Classes ( Outer ) , Interfaces , Local variables , Class variables , Class Methods , Inner Class methods and instance variables.
c. Constructors , Classes ( Outer ) , Interfaces , Local variables , Inner Class methods and instance variables.
d. Constructors , Classes ( Outer ) , Classes (Nested), Interfaces , Local variables , Inner Class methods and instance variables

Ans. Constructors , Classes ( Outer ) , Interfaces , Local variables , Inner Class methods and instance variables.

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Q321. Interface can only have ...

a. Member elements and Methods.
b. Static Variables and Static Methods.
c. Static Final Variables and Instance Method Declarations.
d. Member Elements , Instance Methods, Static variables and Static Methods.

Ans. Static Final Variables and Instance Method Declarations.

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Q322. Which of the following collection maintain its elements in Natural Sorted order ?

a. HashMap
b. TreeMap
c. LinkedHashMap
d. LinkedMap

Ans. TreeMap

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Q323. If we try to add duplicate key to the HashMap, What will happen ?

a. It will throw an exception.
b. It won't add the new Element without any exception.
c. The new element will replace the existing element.
d. Compiler will identify the problem and will throw an error.

Ans. The new element will replace the existing element.

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Q324. Which of the following exception is thrown when we try to access element which is beyond the size ?

a. NullPointerException
b. ArrayIndexOutOfBoundException
c. ArithmeticException
d. ParseException

Ans. ArrayIndexOutOfBoundException

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Q325. Checked exception needs to be ...

a. Caught
b. Method needs to declare that it throws these exception
c. Either A or B
d. Both A and B

Ans. Either A or B

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Q326. Which of the following is not valid var args declaration ?

a. int sum (int... numbers)
b. int sum (.int .. numbers)
c. int sum (int ... numbers)
d. int sum (int x, int ... numbers)

Ans. int sum (.int .. numbers)

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Q327. Which of the following keyword is not permitted for outer class ?

a. public
b. abstract
c. final
d. protected

Ans. protected

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Q328. Which java frameworks have you used ?

General

Ans. I have primarily worked on Web applications and hence worked on Struts , Spring , Hibernate, JSF ( Java Server Faces ) , Velocity etc.

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Q329. How are values passed in Java ? By value or reference ?

Core Java

Ans. Java only provides pass by value.

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Recently asked in Capital One.

Q330. What will happen if we call perform(null) ?

public void perform(Object obj) {
System.out.println("Object");
}

public void perform(Integer int) {
System.out.println("Integer");
}

Core Java

Ans. compiler will throws error as ambiguous methods

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Q331. What is a package and what are its advantages ?

Core Java

Ans. Package is a namespace that organizes a set of related classes.

Advantages of Packages

1. Better Organization of classes.
2. Saves from the problem of duplicate names as duplicate class names are allowed across different packages.

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Q332. What was the driving force to introduce default methods in Interfaces wef from Java 8 ?

Core Java

Ans. Earlier any class implementing an interface was supposed to implement all methods declared in an interface. There was no place for optionally implementing all or subset of methods.Though we have abstract classes wherein we could have provided such a mechanism by declaring some methods as abstract while providing definition for some. But as Abstract classes have a body and are comparatively heavier than interfaces and interfaces associate closely to the concept of providing interfacing than abstract classes, Java might have though of providing optional implementation for default methods. This way same interface can be reused in variety of ways rather than making copies of an interface to suit different needs.

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Q333. What is System.in in Java ?

Core Java

Ans. It is an InputSream which is usually connected to the keyboard input of console program.

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Frequently asked.

Q334. When does the finally block gets executed ?

Core Java

Ans. A finally block of code always executes, whether or not an exception has occurred.The only time finally won't be called is if you call System.exit() or if the JVM crashes first.

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Q335. How do you prefer to store money values in your application ?

Core Java

Ans. At Application level we use either Double or BigDecimal , preferably BigDecimal. At Database level we use Number with decimal precision 3.

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Q336. Explain System.out.println ?

Core Java

Ans. System is a class within java.lang package that contains several useful class fields and methods. It cannot be instantiated and hence can use only statically.even in this case this has been used statically i.e with class name itself and without creating an instance.

out is the static reference of Printstream declared as following in the System Class -

public final static PrintStream out = null;

println is the method of PrintStream class.

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Q337. Implement the following method ?

int findMax(int[] items)

Core Java

Ans. int findMax(int[] items){
   int maxNumber = 0;
   for(int x:items){
      if(x > maxNumber){
         maxNumber = x;
      }
   }

   return maxNumber;
}

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Q338. If everything is an object , Cant we declare every object as

Object obj = new String();

Core Java

Ans. Yes, we can do that. Compiler wont complain. But using object reference we can only access methods which have been defined for object class i.e clone(), equals(), hashCode(), toString() etc.

We cannot access methods defined in String class or in any class in hierarchy between String and Object.

For example - we cannot do obj.append("abc") as it will now give compile time error.

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Q339. Which type of memory is cleaned / recovered by garbage collection - stack or heap ?

Core Java

Ans. Heap memory.

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Q340. Write a program to print all even numbers first and then all odd numbers till 100. For example the output should be
2
4
6
8
...... 100
and then
1
3
5
7
...... 99

using only 1 for loop ? Is it possible with just one loop ?

Core Java

Ans. Yes , It can be done using single for loop

public class BuggyBread{
public static void main (String args[]) {
   int x = 50;
   for(int i=1;i <= 100;i++){
      if(i<=50){
         System.out.println(i*2);
      } else {
         System.out.println(i-x);
         x = x - 1;
      }
   }
}
}

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