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Q1561. How can we make sure that we don't receive duplicate messages from the Kafka Topic ?

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Q1562. Write a SQL to remove records with a duplicate field in a Table ?

Database

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Q1563. Can we have a sub enum within an enum ?

Core Java

Ans. Yes

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Q1564. Can an enum extend another enum ?

Core Java

Ans. No

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Q1565. How do you design microservices?

Design

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Q1566. Can we instantiate the object of derived class if parent constructor is private ?

Core Java

Ans. No

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Q1567. What features would you like to see in Java 10 ?

Core Java

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Q1568. Can and Should we mock calls in integration tests ?

Testing

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Q1569. Which type of testing involves use of mocking frameworks ?

Testing

Ans. Unit Testing

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Q1570. If we have to specify a collection of a particular information like List of addresses, How can we represent that in a JSON ?

JSON

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Q1571. In case of generic class declared like following , What can T hold

class MyClass<T>{
T element;
}

Core Java

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Q1572. Which of the two - iteration or recursion - is slower ?

Core Java

Ans. Any function call is slower than the code in the same method as Java has to maintain stack of meta and function call information. So recursion is slower.

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Q1573. In the following code, which text will get printed immediately after Hello

for(int countx=0;countx<10;count++){
System.out.println("World");
for(int countx=0;countx<10;count++){
System.out.println("Friend");
for(int countx=0;countx<10;count++){
System.out.println("Hello");
break;
}
System.out.println("Buddy");
}
}

Core Java

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Q1574. As root, if you have to assign the owner for the file and set only read permission for the owner, Write a unix command to do it.

Unix

Ans. chmod 477

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Q1575. What do we mean by a Data Type ?

Core Java

Ans. if you have similar type of data or objects or entities, then we can give them a type with unique name. And this name will be our Data type.

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Q1576. Why shouldn't we use string concatenation extensively or in a loop ?

Core Java

Ans. Because String being an immutable object creates a new object upon each concatenation cycle. If there is any such need , we should use String Builder whose objects are mutable.

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Q1577. How is string object immutable if we can concat a string to it ?

Core Java

Ans. Because it doesn't make the change in the existing string but would create a new string by concatenating the new string to previous string. So Original string won't get changed but a new string will be created. That is why when we say

str1.concat("Hello");

It means nothing because we haven't specified the reference to the new string and we have no way to access the new concatenated string. Accessing str1 with the above code will still give the original string.

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Q1578. Does Wrapper classes produces immutable objects ?

Core Java

Ans. Yes

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Q1579. Why Java is considered more purer object oriented language than C++ ?

Core Java

Ans. Because of

lack of use of pointers,
Lack of structural programming and
Lack of Multiple Inheritance

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Q1580. Why is Java such an important Programming language ?

Core Java

Ans. Because of following features

Object Oriented and hence helps build maintainable and easily enhanceable code.
Platform Independence and hence can be executed anywhere
Fast due to JIT compiler

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Q1581. Is dependency injection possible if we don't have inheritance / Composition ?

Design

Ans. Without composition - No, as it's the core of dependency injection.

With Inheritance - Yes, through interface implementation.

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Q1582. Is Runtime Polymorphism possible without Inheritance ?

Core Java

Ans. Yes, Runtime Polymprohism requires either Class inheritance or Interface implementation.

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Q1583. Which of the OOP's features facilitate dependency injection ?

Design

Ans. Inheritance , Runtime Polymorphism and Composition.

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Q1584. Lets say we have a set "set1" with objects of Class A, Class has a non static string called element1, Write a code ( using lambda expression ) to see if there is any object in the set with element1 = "Hello".

Core Java

Ans. set1.stream().filter(p->p.element1.equals("Hello")).findAny().isPreent();

or

set1.stream().map(A::getElement1).anyMatch("Hello"::equals)

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Q1585. Why is JVM called Virtual machine ?

Core Java

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Q1586. Let's suppose we have an to destroy objects, Design a program to implement garbage collection ?

Design

Ans. Step 1 - We can create a Registry Class having Map of all created objects as key and References list as value.

Step 2 - Whenever we create an object , we should update the Registry in the constructor to add the new object.

Step 3 - Whenever we assign a new reference to the object , we need to update the entry in Map. Similarly if the reference get's removed ( end of scope etc ), we need to remove the entry of reference from the list.

Step 4 - We can have threaded code to monitor the Map to see if any object looses all it's references and should call the method to destroy object and clean the memory.

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Q1587. How can we track of all objects created in an application ?

Design

Ans. We can store the references in a collection by adding to those objects in the collection. We can create a class "ObjectRegistry" with a collection or multiple collections with a search algorithm to look for the already collected objects.

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Q1588. What are the disadvantages of Bean Auto Wiring in Spring ?

Spring

Ans. It can always be overridden with explicit wiring. Moreover it's confusing if we use both explicit as well as explicit wiring in the project.

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Q1589. What are the uses of Abstraction ?

Core Java

Ans. Loose Coupling
Facilitates designing complex applications by making them modular.

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Q1590. What is ORM or Object Relationship Mapping ?

Database

Ans. ORM is the mapping technique, which maps object with relational data model. As we know that in java we need objects we can not user data in relational(in table form). So ORM is set of guideline which allows us to map relational data model in object form.

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