Interview Questions and Answers for 'ORM' | Search Interview Question

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Q31. What is abstraction ?

Design

Ans. Abstraction is a process of hiding the implementation details and describing only the functionality to the user.

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Q32. What are the reasons to choose between reserved and on demand instances ?

Server

Ans. In terms of compute options and configurations, Reserved Instances and On Demand instances are the same. The only difference between the two is that a Reserved Instance is one you rent (reserved) for a fixed duration, and in return you receive a discount on the base price of an On Demand instance.

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Q33. Is Google App Engine , IAAS, PAAS or SAAS ?

Google Cloud Platform (GCP)

Ans. It's PAAS ( Platform as a service )

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Q34. What is concurrent interface ?

Core Java

Ans. ConcurrentMap is an interface and it is a member of the Java Collections Framework. It represents a Map that is capable of handling concurrent access to it without affecting the consistency of entries in a map. ConcurrentMap interface present in java.util.concurrent package.

HashMap operations are not synchronized, while Hashtable provides synchronization. Though Hashtable is thread-safe, it is not very efficient. To solve this issue, the Java Collections Framework introduced ConcurrentMap in Java 1.5.

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Q35. What are system integrators in Cloud Computing?

Cloud Computing

^{This question is still unanswered. Can you please provide an answer.}

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Very frequently asked. Usually asked in this format or as difference with interfaces / concrete classes.

Q36. What is an abstract class ?

Core Java

Ans. Abstract class is the class that is not supposed to be instantiated. The purpose of the class to only have extension to the derived class.

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Q37. What are the phases of the JSP life cycle ?

Java EE

Ans. Translation of JSP PageCompilation of JSP PageClassloading (class file is loaded by the classloader)Instantiation (Object of the Generated Servlet is created).Initialization ( jspInit() method is invoked by the container).Reqeust processing ( _jspService() method is invoked by the container).Destroy ( jspDestroy() method is invoked by the container).

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Q38. What are the platforms supported by Java Programming Language?

Core Java

Ans. Java runs on a variety of platforms, such as Windows, Mac OS, and the various versions of UNIX/Linux like HP-Unix, Sun Solaris, Redhat Linux, Ubuntu, CentOS, etc

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Q39. Difference between Abstraction and Implementation hiding ?

Ans. Implementation Hiding is a broader concept. Abstraction is a way of implementation hiding in OOP's.

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Q40. What is Java bytecode ?

Ans. Java bytecode is the instruction set of the Java virtual machine. Each bytecode is composed by one, or two bytes that represent the instruction, along with zero or more bytes for passing parameters.

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Q41. Is JVM a overhead ?

Ans. Yes and No. JVM is an extra layer that translates Byte Code into Machine Code. So Comparing to languages like C, Java provides an additional layer of translating the Source Code.

C++ Compiler - Source Code --> Machine Code
Java Compiler - Source Code --> Byte Code , JVM - Byte Code --> Machine Code

Though it looks like an overhead but this additional translation allows Java to run Apps on all platforms as JVM provides the translation to the Machine code as per the underlying Operating System.

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Q42. What is Byte Code ? Why Java's intermediary Code is called Byte Code ?

Ans. Bytecode is a highly optimized set of instructions designed to be executed by the Java run-time system. Its called Byte Code because each instruction is of 1-2 bytes.

Sample instructions in Byte Code -

1: istore_1
2: iload_1
3: sipush 1000
6: if_icmpge 44
9: iconst_2
10: istore_2

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Q43. Which of the following code is correct ?

a. DateFormat df = DateFormat.getInstance();
b. DateFormat df = DateFormat.getDateInstance();
c. DateFormat df = DateFormat.getInstance(DateFormat.FULL);
d. DateFormat df = DateFormat.getDateInstance(DateFormat.FULL);

Core Java

Ans. All except c are correct.

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Q44. What is the use of parse method in DateFormat ?

Ans. It is used to parse String to get the Date Object with initialized date.

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Q45. Which of the following is not a valid NumberFormat initialization ?

a. NumberFormat.getInstance()
b. NumberFormat.getDateInstance()
c. NumberFormat.getCurrencyInstance()
d. NumberFormat.getNumberInstance()

Core Java

Ans. b i.e NumberFormat.getDateInstance()

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Q46. Which of the following code is correct ?

a. Date date = DateFormat.newInstance(DateFormat.LONG, Locale.US).parse(str);

b. Date date = DateFormat.newInstance(DateFormat.LONG, Locale.US).format(str);

c. Date date = DateFormat.getDateInstance(DateFormat.LONG, Locale.US).parse(str);

Core Java

Ans. c

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Q47. What are the the methods to clear cache in Hibernate ?

Hibernate

Ans. Evict() and clear(). Evist is used to clear a particular object from the cache whereas clear clears the complete local cache.

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Q48. What are different types of second level cache ?

Hibernate

Ans. 1. EHCache ( Easy Hibernate )
2. OSCache ( Open Symphony )
3. Swarm Cache ( JBoss )
4. Tree Cache ( JBoss )

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Q49. Can we disable first level cache ? What should one do if we don't want an object to be cached ?

Hibernate

Ans. No.We can either call evict after the object retrieval or can use separate sessions.

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Q50. What is Hibernate ?

Hibernate

Ans. Hibernate is a Java ORM Framework.

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Q51. What are the different types of inheritance in Hibernate ?

Hibernate

Ans. Table Per Class , Table per Sub Class , Table per Concrete Class

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Q52. Which class elements are not persisted ?

Hibernate

Ans. Static and Transient.

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Q53. What will the following code do ?

String dateStr = "2011 11 19";
DateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
Date date = dateFormat.parse(dateStr);
System.out.println(date);

Ans. It will throw the ParseException as the date format doesn't abide with the format of the specified date.

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Q54. What is the difference between JPA and Hibernate ?

Hibernate

Ans. JPA or Java Persistence API is a standard specification for ORM implementations whereas Hibernate is the actual ORM implementation or framework.

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Q55. What is the advantage of JPA ?

Database

Ans. Its a specification that guides the implementation of ORM frameworks. Implementations abiding by the specification would mean that one can be replaced with other in an application without much hassle. Only the Features that are added over the specification needs to be taken care of if any such change is made.

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Q56. Which is the default Input Formats defined in Hadoop ?

a. SequenceFileInputFormat
b. ByteInputFormat
c. KeyValueInputFormat
d. TextInputFormat

Ans. TextInputFormat

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Q57. Which of the following is not an input format in Hadoop ?

a. TextInputFormat
b. ByteInputFormat
c. SequenceFileInputFormat
d. KeyValueInputFormat

Ans. ByteInputFormat

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Frequently asked in face to face interviews.

Q58. Write a program to print fibonacci series.

Core Java

Ans. int count = 15;
int[] fibonacci = new int[count];
fibonacci[0] = 0;
fibonacci[1] = 1;
for(int x=2; x < count; x++){
fibonacci[x] = fibonacci[x-1] + fibonacci[x-2];
}

for(int x=0; x< count; x++){
System.out.print(fibonacci[x] + " ");
}

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Q59. What is the difference between following time formats ?

hh:mm:ss
HH:mm:ss
kk:mm:ss
KK:mm:ss

Core Java

Ans. hh= hours in 1-12 format
HH= hours in 0-23 format
kk = Hours in 1-24 format
KK= hours in 0-11 format

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Frequently asked to Fresh graduates.

Q60. Write a program to implement Binary search ?

Core Java

Ans. http://algs4.cs.princeton.edu/11model/BinarySearch.java.html

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