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Very Frequently asked across all type of companies and across all levels.
  Q11. Difference between Public, Private, Default and Protected ?Core Java
Ans. Private - Not accessible outside object scope.

Public - Accessible from anywhere.

Default - Accessible from anywhere within same package.

Protected - Accessible from object and the sub class objects.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     java   oop   access specifier   public   private   default   protected   public vs private vs default vs protected     Asked in 12 Companies      basic        frequent

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 Q12. What is the difference between the following two code lines ?

1. new OuterClass().new InnerClass();

2. new OuterClass.InnerClass();
Core Java
Ans. In first case we are trying to initialize Inner class object using the instance of Outer Class whereas in second case we are trying to initialize the Inner class object directly using the Outer class name.

In second case , Inner class is "static inner class" as we cannot access "non static inner class" using Classname alone.

In first case, the inner class could be either "static inner class" or "non static inner class".

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     inner classes  inner class   static inner class   new operator


 Q13. What is comparator interface used for ?Core Java
Ans. The purpose of comparator interface is to compare objects of the same class to identify the sorting order. Sorted Collection Classes ( TreeSet, TreeMap ) have been designed such to look for this method to identify the sorting order, that is why class need to implement Comparator interface to qualify its objects to be part of Sorted Collections.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     java   collections   treemap   treeset   comparator     Asked in 2 Companies      Intermediate

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Frequently asked Generic Question.
  Q14. Why do you want to work for our company ?General
Ans. [Open Ended Answer]

Usually answered stating your keen interest in the role offered and challenges and opportunities the role offers.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve          Asked in 42 Companies        frequent


 Q15. What are the design considerations while making a choice between using interface and abstract class ?Core Java
Ans. Keep it as a Abstract Class if its a "Is a" Relationsship and should do subset/all of the functionality. Keep it as Interface if its a "Should Do" relationship.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     java   oops   abstract classes   interfaces   advanced     Asked in 3 Companies


Frequently asked in CTS ( Based on 2 feedback )
  Q16. What is the difference between comparable and comparator in java.util pkg?Core Java
Ans. Comparable interface is used for single sequence sorting i.e.sorting the objects based on single data member where as comparator interface is used to sort the object based on multiple data members.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     java   java.util   comparable   comparator   collections     Asked in 23 Companies      basic        frequent


 Q17. According to Java Operator precedence, which operator is considered to be with highest precedence?Core Java
Ans. Postfix operators i.e () [] . is at the highest precedence.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     java   operators   operator precedence     Asked in 2 Companies


 Q18. Difference between new operator and Class.forName().newInstance() ?
Ans. new operator is used to statically create an instance of object. newInstance() is used to create an object dynamically ( like if the class name needs to be picked from configuration file ). If you know what class needs to be initialized , new is the optimized way of instantiating Class.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     java   oops   object instantiation   object creation   class.forname   newinstance   new operator   difference between   advanced      intermediate


 Q19. Which type of memory is cleaned / recovered by garbage collection - stack or heap ?Core Java
Ans. Heap memory.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     memory management  stack  heap  garbage collection     Asked in 2 Companies


 Q20. Does java supports operator overloading ?Core Java
Ans. No

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     operator overloading     Asked in 1 Companies      basic


Frequently asked.
  Q21. What is an Iterator?Core Java
Ans. Iterator is an interface that provides methods to iterate over any Collection.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     java   collections   iterator     Asked in 11 Companies      basic        frequent


 Q22. Difference between Class#getInstance() and new operator ?
Ans. Class.getInstance doesn't call the constructor whereas if we create an object using new operator , we need to have a matching constructor or copiler should provide a default constructor.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     java   constructor   object creation   default constructor   getinstance   new operator


 Q23. What is the difference between >> and >>>?
Ans. Both bitwise right shift operator ( >> ) and bitwise zero fill right shift operator ( >>> ) are used to shift the bits towards right. The difference is that >> will protect the sign bit whereas the >>> operator will not protect the sign bit. It always fills 0 in the sign bit.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     java   operators   bitwise operators   binary shift   right shift


 Q24. Which Java operator is right associative?Core Java
Ans. The = operator is right associative.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     java   operators   = operator


 Q25. What are few iterator classes provided by Java ?
Ans. http://www.buggybread.com/2015/01/java-iterator-classes-and-interfaces.html

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     java   collections   iterator


 Q26. In which cases isn't instanceof operator a bad practice?Core Java
Ans. To avoid ClassCastException.

Though the following code will compile fine but will result in ClassCastException during runtime.

Fruit fruit = new Apple();
Banana banana = Banana(fruit); // ClassCastException


This code will not give compile time error as Banana and Fruit are related as Banana either extends or implement Fruit, So downcasting is acceptable. With this code we assume that the Fruit handler will have the Apple object at that point, violating which the code will throw the exception.

This exception can be avoided by following code.

Fruit fruit = new Apple();
if(fruit instanceOf Banana){
Banana banana = Banana(fruit); // ClassCastException
}

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     java   instanceof   classcastexception   runtime exceptions  instanceOf operator

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 Q27. Difference between prefix and postfix increment operator ?
Ans. Prefix operator performs the increment and then assignment whereas its inverse for postfix operator.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     prefix increment operator   postfix increment operator   operators   java      basic        frequent


 Q28. What are fail-fast Iterators ?Core Java
Ans. Fail-fast iterators detect illegal concurrent modification during iteration and fail quickly and cleanly rather than risking arbitrary, non deterministic behavior at an undetermined time in future. Example could be of an Iterator failing if it smells ConcurrentModificationException.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     fail-fast Iterators  Iterators     Asked in 5 Companies      intermediate


 Q29. Write code to check if an integer is odd or even using ternary operator
Ans. http://javasearch.buggybread.com/CodeSnippets/searchCodeSamples.php?&category=code&searchOption&keyword=963

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     ternary operator  code  coding


 Q30. Is Iterator a class ?
Ans. No, iterator is an interface that is used to parse through the elements of a Collection

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     collections  iterator


 Q31. What is Associativity while evaluating a Java statement ?Core Java
Ans. Associativity determines whether an expression is evaluated left-right or right-left. When an expression has two operators with the same precedence, the expression is evaluated according to its associativity.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     associativity  expression evaluation  operator


 Q32. Is New Keyword a method Name ?Core Java
Ans. No, Its an Operator.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     new keyword  operator


Rarely asked as it was introduced with Java 8.
 Q33. What is the use of :: operator wef from Java 8 ?Core Java
Ans. We can refer to a function using this operator like System.out.println(intList.stream().reduce(Math::max).get());

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     :: operator   lambda expression  java 8


 Q34. What is the difference between = and == in Java ?Core Java
Ans. = is the assignment operator that assigns the result of the expression on the right to the variable on the left, whereas

== is the operator to check object equality to see if the reference on left and right are pointing to the same object. For primitive types, its used to check if both variables holds the same value.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     =  ==  assignment operator  object equality  difference between      Basic


 Q35. How is == operator different for objects and primitive types ? Core Java
Ans. For objects or references, == operator check if the reference on left and right points to the same object.

For primitive types or variables, == operator check if the variable on left and right holds the same value.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     ==  object equality  operator      Basic


 Q36. Explain what happens when insertion is performed in case of ArrayList and LinkedList.Data Structure
Ans. Array List works on Array and when we add an element in middle of the list, Array List need to update the index of all subsequent elements. I the capacity is full, it even may need to move the whole list to a new memory location . Linked List works on Double linked list algorithm and all it has to do is to adjust the address of the previous and next elements.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     arraylist vs linkedlist  collections  list     Asked in 2 Companies


 Q37. How Spliterator in Java 8 different than iterator ?Core Java
Ans. Though there are many differences the way internally they both iterates the collections and streams respectively, but the main difference in performance that is achieved by spliterator as it can iterate Streams in Parallel whereas iterator only iterates collections sequentially.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     java8  java 8  spliterator  java 8 streams  streams


 Q38. Which is better in terms of performance - Iterator or Spliterator ?Core Java
Ans. Spliterator has better performance potential than iterators but only if the potential is used. Spliterator can iterate streams in parallel as well as in sequence whereas iterator can only iterate in sequence.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     iterator  collections  streams  parallel streams  Spliterator


  Q39. Difference between Array and ArrayList ?Core Java
Ans. <a href="http://javahungry.blogspot.com/2015/03/difference-between-array-and-arraylist-in-java-example.html" rel="nofollow">http://javahungry.blogspot.com/2015/03/difference-between-array-and-arraylist-in-java-example.html</a>

  Sample Code for ArrayList

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     array  arraylist     Asked in 11 Companies      basic        frequent


 Q40. Which operators in Java have highest precedence ?Core Java
Ans. Braces, i.e () and [] have the highest precedence

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     java operators


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