Interview Questions and Answers for 'Mp' | Search Interview Question

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Advanced level question usually asked to senior developers , leads and architects.

Q181. How does volatile affect code optimization by compiler?

Ans. Volatile is an instruction that the variables can be accessed by multiple threads and hence shouldn't be cached. As volatile variables are never cached and hence their retrieval cannot be optimized.

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Q182. Why is Java considered Portable Language ?

Core Java

Ans. Java is a portable-language because without any modification we can use Java byte-code in any platform(which supports Java). So this byte-code is portable and we can use in any other major platforms.

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Q183. How Java provide high Performance ?

Core Java

Ans. Java uses Just-In-Time compiler to enable high performance. Just-In-Time compiler is a program that turns Java bytecode into instructions that can be sent directly to the processor.

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Q184. What is Comparable Interface?

Core Java

Ans. It is used to sort collections and arrays of objects using the collections.sort() and java.utils. The objects of the class implementing the Comparable interface can be ordered.

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Q185. Define Network Programming?

Ans. It refers to writing programs that execute across multiple devices (computers), in which the devices are all connected to each other using a network.

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Q186. What are the advantages and Disadvantages of Sockets ?

Ans. Sockets are flexible and sufficient. Efficient socket based programming can be easily implemented for general communications. It cause low network traffic.

Socket based communications allows only to send packets of raw data between applications. Both the client-side and server-side have to provide mechanisms to make the data useful in any way.

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Q187. What is Externalizable interface?

Core Java

Ans. Externalizable is an interface which contains two methods readExternal and writeExternal. These methods give you a control over the serialization mechanism.

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Q188. Write a method to check if input String is Palindrome?

Core Java

Ans. private static boolean isPalindrome(String str) {

if (str == null)
return false;

StringBuilder strBuilder = new StringBuilder(str);

strBuilder.reverse();

return strBuilder.toString().equals(str);

}

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Q189. public class a {
   public static void main(String args[]){
      final String s1=""job"";
      final String s2=""seeker"";
      String s3=s1.concat(s2);
      String s4=""jobseeker"";
      System.out.println(s3==s4); // Output 1
      System.out.println(s3.hashCode()==s4.hashCode()); Output 2
   }
}

What will be the Output 1 and Output 2 ?

Core Java

Ans. S3 and S4 are pointing to different memory location and hence Output 1 will be false.

Hash code is generated to be used as hash key in some of the collections in Java and is calculated using string characters and its length. As they both are same string literals, and hence their hashcode is same.Output 2 will be true.

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Q190. What is the use of HashCode in objects ?

Core Java

Ans. Hashcode is used for bucketing in Hash implementations like HashMap, HashTable, HashSet etc.

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Frequently asked to fresh graduates and less experienced.

Q191. Difference between Composition and Inheritance ?

Core Java

Ans. Inheritance means a object inheriting reusable properties of the base class. Compositions means that an abject holds other objects.

In Inheritance there is only one object in memory ( derived object ) whereas in Composition , parent object holds references of all composed objects.

From Design perspective - Inheritance is "is a" relationship among objects whereas Composition is "has a" relationship among objects.

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Q192. Which of the following syntax is correct ?import static java.lang.System.*;or static import java.lang.System.*;

Core Java

Ans. import static java.lang.System.*;

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Very frequently asked in companies using SOA.

Q193. What are RESTful Web Services ?

Rest

Ans. REST or Representational State Transfer is a flexible architecture style for creating web services that recommends the following guidelines -

1. http for client server communication,
2. XML / JSON as formatiing language ,
3. Simple URI as address for the services and,
4. stateless communication.

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Q194. What are temp tables ?

Ans. These are the tables that are created temporarily and are deleted once the Stored Procedure is complete.

For example - we may like to pull some info from a table and then do some operations on that data and then store the output in final output table. We can store the intermediary values in a temp table and once we have final output with us, we can just delete it.

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Q195. Can we compose the Parent Class object like this ?

class BuggyBread1 extends BuggyBread2 {

private BuggyBread2 buggybread2;

public static void main(String[] args){
buggybread2 = new BuggyBread2();
}
}

Ans. Yes.

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Q196. What is comparator interface used for ?

Core Java

Ans. The purpose of comparator interface is to compare objects of the same class to identify the sorting order. Sorted Collection Classes ( TreeSet, TreeMap ) have been designed such to look for this method to identify the sorting order, that is why class need to implement Comparator interface to qualify its objects to be part of Sorted Collections.

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Q197. How TreeMap orders the elements if the Key is a String ?

Ans. As String implements Comparable, It refers to the String compareTo method to identify the order relationship among those elements.

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Q198. Can we add heterogeneous elements into TreeMap ?

Ans. No, Sorted collections don't allow addition of heterogeneous elements as they are not comparable.

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Q199. Will it create any problem if We add elements with key as user defined object into the TreeMap ?

Ans. It won't create any problem if the objects are comparable i.e we have that class implementing Comparable interface.

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Q200. Can we overload main method in Java ?

Core Java

Ans. Yes, but the overloaded main methods without single String[] argument doesn't get any special status by the JVM. They are just another methods that needs to be called explicitly.

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Q201. What are the contents of Hibernate configuration file ( hibernate.cfg.xml ) ?

Hibernate

Ans. HBM Files ( Mapping )
DB Connection ( DB Connection String , User Name , Password , Pool Size )
SQL Dialect ( SQL variant to be generated )
Show SQL ( Show / No show SQL on Console )
Auto Commit ( True / False )

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Very frequently asked. Favorite question in Walk in Drive of many Indian service companies.

Q202. What is the difference between ArrayList and LinkedList ?

Core Java

Ans. Underlying data structure for ArrayList is Array whereas LinkedList is the linked list and hence have following differences -

1. ArrayList needs continuous memory locations and hence need to be moved to a bigger space if new elements are to be added to a filled array which is not required for LinkedList.

2. Removal and Insertion at specific place in ArrayList requires moving all elements and hence leads to O(n) insertions and removal whereas its constant O(1) for LinkedList.

3. Random access using index in ArrayList is faster than LinkedList which requires traversing the complete list through references.

4. Though Linear Search takes Similar Time for both, Binary Search using LinkedList requires creating new Model called Binary Search Tree which is slower but offers constant time insertion and deletion.

5. For a set of integers you want to sort using quicksort, it's probably faster to use an array; for a set of large structures you want to sort using selection sort, a linked list will be faster.

Sample Code for ArrayList

Sample Code for LinkedList

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Frequently asked question in companies using Hibernate.

Q203. What is Lazy Initialization in Hibernate ?

Hibernate

Ans. It's a feature to lazily initialize dependencies , relationship and associations from the Database. Any related references marked as @OneToMany or @ManyToMany are loaded lazily i.e when they are accessed and not when the parent is loaded.

Sample Code for Lazy Initialization

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Frequently asked at Manhattan Associates ( Based on 2 feedback )

Q204. What is a Lambda Expression ? What's its use ?

Core Java

Ans. Its an anonymous method without any declaration.

Lambda Expression are useful to write shorthand Code and hence saves the effort of writing lengthy Code.

It promotes Developer productivity, Better Readable and Reliable code.

Sample Code for lambda

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Q205. Difference between TCP and UDP ?

Networking

Ans. http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/key-differences-between-tcp-and-udp-protocols/

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Q206. What things you would care about to improve the performance of Application if its identified that its DB communication that needs to be improved ?

Solution

Ans. 1. Query Optimization ( Query Rewriting , Prepared Statements )

2. Restructuring Indexes.

3. DB Caching Tuning ( if using ORM )

4. Identifying the problems ( if any ) with the ORM Strategy ( If using ORM )

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Q207. Can we override compareTo method for Enumerations ?

Core Java

Ans. No. compareTo method is declared final for the Enumerations and hence cannot be overriden. This has been intentionally done so that one cannot temper with the sorting order on the Enumeration which is the order in which Enum constants are declared.

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Q208. How can we change the JDK compliance level ?

Eclipse

Ans. Windows -> Preferences -> Java - Compiler -> Java Compliance Level

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Frequently asked to fresh graduates and less experienced developers. Among the first few questions in many interviews.

Q209. What are the difference between composition and inheritance in Java?

Core Java

Ans. Composition - has-a relationship between objects.
Inheritance - is-a relationship between classes.

Composition - Composing object holds a reference to composed objects and hence relationship is loosely bound.
Inheritance - Derived object carries the base class definition in itself and hence its tightly bound.

Composition - Used in Dependency Injection
Inheritance - Used in Runtime Polymorphism

Composition - Single class objects can be composed within multiple classes.
Inheritance - Single class can only inherit 1 Class.

Composition - Its the relationship between objects.
Inheritance - Its the relationship between classes.

Sample Code for inheritance

Sample Code for composition

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Frequently asked to fresh graduates and less experienced.

Q210. Why do we write public static void main ? Can we use some other syntax too for main ?

Core Java

Ans. 1. public is the access modifier that makes the method accessible from anywhere, static is the keyword that makes it accessible even without creating any object, void means it doesn't return anything , String args[] is the array of argument that the method receives.

2. If we use main without the string args , it will compile correctly as Java will treat it as just another method. It wont be the method "main" which Java looks for when it looks to execute the class and hence will throw

Error: Main method not found in class , please define the main method as:
public static void main(String[] args)

3. Main is not a keyword but a special string that Java looks for while initiating the main thread.

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