Interview Questions and Answers for 'T' | Search Interview Question

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Q1741. Is immutability an advantage with Wrapper classes over primitive types ?

Ans. There is no concept of de referencing with primitive types and hence they are implicitly immutable. Having wrapper classes as mutable offers disadvantages compared to primitive types. Wrapper classes being immutable offer similar advantage as primitive types.It actually overshadows the disadvantage wrapper class could have if they are immutable.

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Q1742. Do we have Integer constant pool of primitive int or Integer objects ?

Core Java

Ans. It's of Integer objects and not primitive int.

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Q1743. In a Tree, find common ancestor of two nodes.

Data Structures

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Q1744. Write a SQL to find max salary by Dept

SQL

Ans. SELECT MAX(SALARY),DEPT FROM EMPLOYEE GROUP BY DEPT

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Q1745. Which objects are eligible for garbage collection ?

Core Java

Ans. Objects that have lost their reference i.e. they cannot be accessed/used by the program anymore.

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Q1746. Which Data structure can be used for creating Queue ?

Data Structure

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Q1747. What is a BlockingQueue ?

Core Java

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Q1748. Which immutable classes have you worked with ? Can you name some immutable Collections ? How to make an immutable collection ?

Core Java

Ans. string and wrapper class objects

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Q1749. Which of the two - Arrays or LinkedList - is a better data structure for implementing Queue ? and Why ?

Data Structure

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Q1750. What are the benefits of immutability or Immutable classes ?

Core Java

Ans. Immutable objects are thread-safe so you will not have any synchronization issues.Immutable objects are good for Map keys and Set elements, since these typically do not change once created.Immutability makes it easier to write, use and reason about the code (class invariant is established once and then unchanged)Immutability makes it easier to parallelize your program as there are no conflicts among objects.The internal state of your program will be consistent even if you have exceptions.References to immutable objects can be cached as they are not going to change.

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Q1751. What is the difference between SDLC and Agile ?

Process

Ans. Here are the differences between Agile and Waterfall Methodology:

The software development process is divided into different phases in the Waterfall model while Agile methodology segregates the project development lifecycle into sprints

Waterfall is a structured software development methodology, and often times can be quite rigid, whereas the Agile methodology is known for its flexibility

According to the Waterfall model, software development is to be completed as one single project, which is then divided into different phases, with each phase appearing only once during the SDLC. However, the Agile methodology can be considered as a collection of many different projects, which are nothing but the iterations of the different phases focusing on improving the overall software quality with feedback from users or the QA team

If you want to use the Waterfall model for software development, then you have to be clear with all the development requirements beforehand as there is no scope of changing the requirements once the project development starts. The Agile methodology, on the other hand, is quite flexible, and allows for changes to be made in the project development requirements even after the initial planning has been completed

All the project development phases such as designing, development, testing, etc. are completed once in the Waterfall model while as part of the Agile methodology, they follow an iterative development approach.

As a result, planning, development, prototyping and other software development phases can appear more than once during the entire SDLC One of the major differences between Agile and Waterfall development methodology is their individual approach towards quality and testing.

In the Waterfall model, the Testing phase comes after the Build phase, but, in the Agile methodology, testing is typically performed concurrently with programming or at least in the same iteration as programming

While Waterfall methodology is an internal process and does not require the participation of customers, the Agile software development approach focuses on customer satisfaction and thus, involves the participation of customers throughout the development phase

The Waterfall model can be regarded as a stringently sequential process, however, the Agile methodology is a highly collaborative software development process, thereby leading to better team input and faster problem solving

The Waterfall model is best suited for projects which have clearly defined requirements and in which change is not expected at all, while Agile development supports a process in which the requirements are expected to change and evolve. Thus, if you are planning to develop a software that would require frequent overhauls and has to keep up with the technology landscape and customer requirements, Agile is the best approach to follow

The Waterfall model exhibits a project mindset and lays its focus strictly on the completion of project development, while Agile introduces a product mindset that focuses on ensuring that the developed product satisfies its end customers, and changes itself as the requisites of customers change

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Q1752. What is the difference between Kan Ban and Agile ? Which one do you prefer ?

Process

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Q1753. How is LinkedList collection class internally implemented ? Is it a Linked List or Doubly Linked List ?

Core Java

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Q1754. How ConcurrentHashMap provides better performance compared to HashTable ?

Core Java

Ans. ConcurrentHashMap uses multiple buckets to store Data and hence avoid read locks which facilitates better performance.

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Q1755. What are annotations and what are it's advantages ?

Core Java

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Q1756. Suppose we have a string "Java is object oriented language" and we have to reverse every alternate word in string. How would we do that using Java program.

Core Java

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Q1757. how do you share data between JSP and spring controller using Angular JS ?

AngularJS

Ans. For JPS we can use modelAttribute and ModelAndView object to share data between JPS and Controller. In case of Angular JS, the angular js always get data in form of JSON and it can be accessed by REST WS. So the angular js share data with controller in the form of JSON.

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Q1758. Which spring boot version are you working with ?

Spring Boot

Ans. 2.5v

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Q1759. Can we override wait() or notify() ?

Core Java

Ans. No, because these are final.

public final void wait() throws InterruptedException

public final void notify()

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Q1760. Write a program for binary tree ?

Data Structure

Ans. public class BinarySearchTree {
//Represent the node of binary tree
public static class Node {
int data;
Node left;
Node right;
public Node(int data) {
//Assign data to the new node, set left and right children to null

this.data = data;
this.left = null;
this.right = null;
}
}
//Represent the root of binary tree

public Node root;
public BinarySearchTree() {
root = null;
}

//factorial() will calculate the factorial of given number

public int factorial(int num) {
int fact = 1;
if (num == 0) return 1;
else {
while (num > 1) {
fact = fact * num;
num--;
}
return fact;
}
}

//numOfBST() will calculate the total number of possible BST by calculating Catalan Number for given key

public int numOfBST(int key) {
int catalanNumber = factorial(2 * key) / (factorial(key 1) * factorial(key));
return catalanNumber;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
BinarySearchTree bt = new BinarySearchTree();

//Display total number of possible binary search tree with key 5

System.out.println("Total number of possible Binary Search Trees with given key: "
bt.numOfBST(5));
}
}

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Q1761. What is the default data type of state variables in Clonable interface and Serializable interface ?

Core Java

Ans. Cloneable and Serializable are Marker Interfaces, So these are empty interfaces with no variables.

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Q1762. What is meant by dirty object checking in hibernate ?

Hibernate

Ans. Dirty Checking is one of the features of hibernate. In dirty checking, hibernate automatically detects whether an object is modified (or) not and need to be updated. As long as the object is in persistent state i.e., bound to a particular Session, Hibernate monitors any changes to the objects and executes sql.

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Q1763. Can you write the code for implementing the one to many (student -> courses) relationship in hibernate?

Hibernate

Ans. @OneToMany(cascade = CascadeType.ALL)
@JoinColumn(name = "student_id")
private Set countries;

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Q1764. Can you explain software design principles cohesion and coupling with an example?

Design

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Q1765. In singleton Pattern framework, Web application deployed on multiple cluster server will have how many objects?

Design

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Q1766. What are falsy attributes in javascript ?

Javascript

Ans. A falsy value is something which evaluates to FALSE, for instance when checking a variable. There are only six falsey values in JavaScript: undefined, null, NaN, 0, "" (empty string), and false of course.

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Q1767. What is read and write optimization in relation to databases ? Which database facilitates read optimization and which facilitates write optimization ?

Database

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Q1768. Does relational database facilitate read or write optimization while storing information ?

database

Ans. Usually Relational Databases are optimized for writing. Some exception being usage of indices where indices needs to be updated after insertion and eventually helps with Log(n) reading time.

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Q1769. How does relational database facilitates read optimization ?

Database

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Q1770. Write an efficient program for printing k largest elements in an array. Elements in array can be in any order.

Data Structure

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