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Q241. What is the cost of using Cloud Formation ?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. Cloud Formation does not have any additional cost but you are charged for the underlying resources it builds.

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Q242. How does AWS Lambda handle failure during event processing?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. In AWS Lambda we can run a function in synchronous or asynchronous mode. In synchronous mode, if AWS Lambda function fails, then it will just give an exception to the calling application. In asynchronous mode, if AWS Lambda function fails then it will retry the same function at least 3 times.If AWS Lambda is running in response to an event in Amazon DynamoDB or Amazon Kinesis, then the event will be retried till the Lambda function succeeds or the data expires. In DynamoDB or Kinesis, AWS maintains data for at least 24 hours.

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Q243. Why is cloud infrastructure so powerful ?

Cloud Computing

Ans. Because it gives the ability to provision infrastructure on Demand with No contracts and strings attached.

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Q244. Which region is the latest and most popular in AWS ? What are the advantages and disadvantages of using this region ?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. US-East Virginia

This is the oldest and most popular region. All new features are rolled first in this region and hence they are first available there. The downside is that because of experimentation with new services, unavailability time is quite high.

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Q245. What are the advantage of having Edge Locations ?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. It saves Network traffic and facilitates faster delivery by hosting bulk media and cached data near to client.

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Q246. Within AWS S3, Why new files are available immediately for read operation but not the updates ?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. Because new files will be fed from where ever they are first available but AWS have no way to identify which is the most updated version among the various regions. The updated version can only be assured once the replication to all availability zones is complete.

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Q247. What kind of Access Policy should be kept on S3 Buckets and Policy ?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. We should only allow access that's needed. So the security Policy should be as restrictive as possible.

Buckets and Files should never be made public unless until they are needed it to be like that.

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Q248. How can we protect from accidental deletes in S3 ?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. Versioning ( will create Delete marker )
MFA Delete ( authentication upon deletion )
Cross Region Replication ( Replicates aren't deleted )

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Q249. How can we restrict CloudFront access to a particular Geography ?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. We can select the appropriate Price Class if that suits us.

We can do Geo Targeting by black listing / white listing certain geographies.

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Q250. What is the use case for "On Demand" EC2 ?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. If the computation required is Spiky and unpredictable.

If it's first time use.

If the lifespan of the application isn't known.

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Q251. What is the use case for "Spot" EC2 plan ?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. If the usage is non continuous and have flexible start and End Time. For ex - Analysis , Research , mining etc.

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Q252. What are the different price options available for EC2 ?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. On Demand
Reserved
Spot
Dedicated Host

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Q253. What EC2 configuration would you use if you have to use it for Bitcoin mining ?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. Keeping Low cost for processing , i would choose

Spot Price Plan
F1 or P3 Instance Type
Cold Hdd (SCI ) EBS Volume

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Q254. Which AWS services would you use if you have find a cheapest solution for an analytics application ?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. Computation

Spot Price Plan
F1 or P3 Instance Type
Cold Hdd (SCI ) EBS Volume

Storage

S3-IA

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Q255. Can a EC2 instance have multiple Security Groups ? Can a single security group be assigned to multiple Ec2 instances ? If either of them is true , doesn't it result in conflict ?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. We can assign multiple security groups to single instance and we can use single security group with multiple instances.

It never results in conflict as security groups only have allow rules and no deny rules. Multiple security groups for an instance results in union of all rules.

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Q256. Can we deny access for particular IP using Security Groups ?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. No, We can do that through ACL

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Q257. Difference between S3 and EFS ?

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Ans. S3 is object based whereas EFS is block based.

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Q258. There is a server which is 90% full, I need to increase the space. How can I do it ?

Server

Ans. Firstly ,we have removed old backup data from server after that we are checking which user consume high memory through df command.

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Q259. What is an object's lock and which object's have locks?

Ans. An object's lock is a mechanism that is used by multiple threads to obtain synchronized access to the object. A thread may execute a synchronized method of an object only after it has acquired the object's lock. All objects and classes have locks. A class's lock is acquired on the class's Class object.

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Q260. What is JSON ?

Json

Ans. JSON is "JavaScript Object Notation", primarily used for client-server or server-server communication. Its a much lighter and readable alternative to XML. JSON is language independent and is easily parse-able in all programming languages.

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Q261. What is the role of JSON.stringify ?

Json

Ans. JSON.stringify() turns an object into a JSON text and stores that JSON text in a string.

So If we stringfy above notation , it will become

{"name":"xyz","gender":"male";"age":30}

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Q262. Which data types are supported by JSON ?

Json

Ans. Number
String
Boolean
Array
Object
null

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Q263. What is an API ( Application Programming Interface ) ?

Ans. An API is a kind of technical contract which defines functionality that two parties must provide: a service provider (often called an implementation) and an application. an API simply defines services that a service provider (i.e., the implementation) makes available to applications.

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Q264. What is HTTP ?

Java EE

Ans. HTTP or Hypertext Transfer Protocol is internet protocol for tranmission of hypertext ( text with meta data ) over internet.

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Q265. Is tomcat an application or Web server ?

Server

Ans. Tomcat is a web server and a Servlet container. It is often used as an application server for web-based applications but does not include the complete suite of capabilities that a Java EE application server would supply.

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Q266. What are the default or implicitly assigned values for data types in java ?

Ans. boolean ---> false
byte ----> 0
short ----> 0
int -----> 0
long ------> 0l
char -----> /u0000
float ------> 0.0f
double ----> 0.0d
any object reference ----> null

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Q267. Can I import same package/class twice? Will the JVM load the package twice at runtime?

Core Java

Ans. One can import the same package or same class multiple times. Neither compiler nor JVM complains wil complain about it. And the JVM will internally load the class only once no matter how many times you import the same class.

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Q268. Which access specifier can be used with Class ?

Core Java

Ans. For top level class we can only use "public" and "default". We can use private with inner class.

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Q269. What is meant by an "asynchronous event." Give some examples ?

Operating System

Ans. An asynchronous event is one that occurs at an unpredictable time outside the control of the program that the CPU is running. It is not "synchronized" with the program.

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Q270. Give an Example of Annotations ?

Ans. Suppose that a software group traditionally starts the body of every class with comments providing important information:
public class Generation3List extends Generation2List {

// Author: John Doe
// Date: 3/17/2002
// Current revision: 6
// Last modified: 4/12/2004
// By: Jane Doe
// Reviewers: Alice, Bill, Cindy

// class code goes here

}
To add this same metadata with an annotation, you must first define the annotation type. The syntax for doing this is:
@interface ClassPreamble {
String author();
String date();
int currentRevision() default 1;
String lastModified() default "N/A";
String lastModifiedBy() default "N/A";
// Note use of array
String[] reviewers();
}
The annotation type definition looks similar to an interface definition where the keyword interface is preceded by the at sign (@) (@ = AT, as in annotation type). Annotation types are a form of interface, which will be covered in a later lesson. For the moment, you do not need to understand interfaces.
The body of the previous annotation definition contains annotation type element declarations, which look a lot like methods. Note that they can define optional default values.
After the annotation type is defined, you can use annotations of that type, with the values filled in, like this:
@ClassPreamble (
author = "John Doe",
date = "3/17/2002",
currentRevision = 6,
lastModified = "4/12/2004",
lastModifiedBy = "Jane Doe",
// Note array notation
reviewers = {"Alice", "Bob", "Cindy"}
)
public class Generation3List extends Generation2List {

// class code goes here

}

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