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Ans. final - constant variable, objects cannot be de-referenced, restricting method overriding, restricting class sub classing.
finally - handles exception. The finally block is optional and provides a mechanism to clean up regardless of what happens within the try block. Use the finally block to close files or to release other system resources like database connections, statements etc.
finalize() - method helps in garbage collection. A method that is invoked before an object is discarded by the garbage collector, allowing it to clean up its state.
Ans. 1.Abstraction solves the problem at design level while encapsulation solves the problem at implementation level
2.Abstraction is used for hiding the unwanted data and giving relevant data. while Encapsulation means hiding the code and data into a single unit to protect the data from outside world.
3. Abstraction lets you focus on what the object does instead of how it does it while Encapsulation means hiding the internal details or mechanics of how an object does something.
4.For example: Outer Look of a Television, like it has a display screen and channel buttons to change channel it explains Abstraction but Inner Implementation detail of a Television how CRT and Display Screen are connect with each other using different circuits , it explains Encapsulation.
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Ans. Abstract classes can have both abstract methods ( method declarations ) as well as concrete methods ( inherited to the derived classes ) whereas Interfaces can only have abstract methods ( method declarations ).
A class can extend single abstract class whereas it can implement multiple interfaces.
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Ans. Inner join is the intersection of two tables on the condition defined by the where clause i.e will get records from both tables matched by a column.
Outer join is the union of two tables i.e will get all records from both tables and will put null in the columns where related records are not present.
Left Outer join is the left union of two tables i.e all records from the table on the left and values from the right table for related records else null for the columns from right table.
Right Outer join is the right union of two tables i.e all records from the table on the right and values from the left table for related records else null for the columns from left table.
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Ans. They are different the way their elements are stored in memory. TreeMap stores the Keys in order whereas HashMap stores the key value pairs randomly.
Ans. Its a method which cannot be overridden. Compiler throws an error if we try to override a method which has been declared final in the parent class.
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Ans. There are two types of casting, casting between primitive numeric types and casting between object references. Casting between numeric types is used to convert larger values, such as double values, to smaller values, such as byte values. Casting between object references is used to refer to an object by a compatible class, interface, or array type reference
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Ans. MVC is a Design Pattern that facilititates loose coupling by segregating responsibilities in a Web application
1. Controller receives the requests and handles overall control of the request
2. Model holds majority of the Business logic, and
3. View comprise of the view objects and GUI component
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Ans. REST or Representational State Transfer is a flexible architecture style for creating web services that recommends the following guidelines -
1. http for client server communication,
2. XML / JSON as formatiing language ,
3. Simple URI as address for the services and,
4. stateless communication.
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Ans. Deployment Descriptor which is usually web.xml is used to specify the classes, resources and configuration of the application and how the web server uses them to serve web requests.This file is usually added to WEB-INF folder and contains following
* Servlet entries and url mapping
* Plugins
* Some info regarding authentication / filters
* Landing Page
* Event Handlers
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Ans. A cookie is a small piece of text stored on a user's computer by the browser for a specific domain. Commonly used for authentication, storing site preferences, and server session identification.
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Ans. ClassNotFoundException is an exception that occurs when we try to load a class at run time using Class.forName() or loadClass() methods and mentioned classes are not found in the classpath.
NoClassDefFoundError is an error that occurs when a particular class is present at compile time, but was missing at run time.
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Ans. With Java 8, We can provide method definitions in the Interfaces that gets carried down the classes implementing that interface in case they are not overridden by the Class. Keyword "default" is used to mark the default method.
Ans. Selenium WebDriver is a tool for automating web application testing.It helps in replicating the manual tester behavior like keyboard entry, mouse events etc and then matching the output against the expected.
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Ans. The Spring container is able to autowire relationships between collaborating beans. This means that it is possible to automatically let Spring resolve collaborators (other beans) for your bean by inspecting the contents of the BeanFactory without using and elements.
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Very Frequently asked. Favorite question in walkins and telephonic interviews. Usually among first few questions. Asked in different variants. Must know for intermediate and expert professionals.Among Top 10 frequently asked questions.
Q27. What is rule regarding overriding equals and hashCode method ?
A Class cannot override both hashcode and equals method.
A class can override both hashcode and equals method.
A Class must override hashCode method if its overridding equal method.
A Class can override hashCode even if its not overridding equals method.
Very frequently asked. Usually followed by questions related to private constructor and synchronized access. Frequently asked in JPMorgan and TCS (Based on 2 feedback)
Ans. Fail Safe systems are tolerant systems that continue processing even if they sense any problem. the objective here is to continue with the processing even if there are some problems instead of completely shutting it down. Example could be to catch an exception and still letting it complete with partial results.
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