Frequently asked Interview Questions and Answers

Interview Questions and Answers - Order By Newest

Q91. What is a Final Method ?

Core Java

Ans. A Method that cannot be overriden in the sub class.

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Very Frequently asked.Favorite question in Walk in drive for many Indian service companies.

Q92. What is a Final Class ?

Ans. A Class that cannot be sub classed.

Sample Code for final class

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Very frequently asked. Usually asked with questions related to String. Frequently asked at CTS / Cognizant

Q93. What is an Immutable Object ?

Core Java

Ans. Object that can't be changed after instantiation.

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Q94. Can we override static methods ? Why ?

Core Java

Ans. No.

Static methods belong to the class and not the objects. They belong to the class and hence doesn't fit properly for the polymorphic behavior.

A static method is not associated with any instance of a class so the concept of overriding for runtime polymorphism using static methods is not applicable.

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Q95. Name few Java Exceptions ?

Core Java

Ans. IndexOutofBoundException ,
NoClassDefFoundException ,
OutOfMemoryException ,
IllegalArgumentException,
NullPointerException,
IllegalStateException

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Q96. How can we make sure that a code segment gets executed even in case of uncatched exceptions ?

Ans. By putting it within finally.

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Q97. What is "super" used for ?

Ans. Used to access members of the base class.

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Q98. What is "this" keyword used for ?

Ans. Used to represent an instance of the class in which it appears.

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Q99. Difference between Serialization and Deserialization ?

Core Java

Ans. Serialization is the process of writing the state of an object to a byte stream. Deserialization is the process of restoring these objects.

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Q100. What is an Enum type ?

Core Java

Ans. An enum type is a special data type that enables for a variable to be a set of predefined constants

Sample Code for enum

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Q101. Different types of memory used by JVM ?

Core Java

Ans. Class , Heap , Stack , Register , Native Method Stack.

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Q102. What is a Static import ?

Core Java

Ans. By static import , we can access the static members of a class directly without prefixing it with the class name.

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Q103. Difference between Map and HashMap ?

Core Java

Ans. Map is an interface where HashMap is the concrete class.

Sample Code for map

Sample Code for hashmap

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Frequently asked to fresh graduates.

Q104. Is JVM, a compiler or interpretor ?

Ans. Its an interpretor.

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Q105. Is it necessary that each try block to be followed by catch block ?

Core Java

Ans. It should be followed by either catch or finally block.

Sample Code for Retry in case of exception

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Q106. Difference between nested and inner classes ?

Ans. Inner class is a type of nested class.

Inner classes are non static nested classes i.e the one that are associated with the instance of outer class.

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Q107. what is the difference between collections class vs collections interface ?

Core Java

Ans. Collections class is a utility class having static methods for doing operations on objects of classes which implement the Collection interface. For example, Collections has methods for finding the max element in a Collection.

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Q108. Difference between static vs. dynamic class loading?

Core Java

Ans. static loading - Classes are statically loaded with Java new operator.

dynamic class loading - Dynamic loading is a technique for programmatically invoking the functions of a class loader at run time.

Class.forName (Test className);

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Q109. What is XML ?

Xml

Ans. XML or eXtensible Markup Language is a markup languages for describing data and its metadata.

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Frequently asked in CTS ( Based on 2 feedback )

Q110. What is the difference between comparable and comparator in java.util pkg?

Core Java

Ans. Comparable interface is used for single sequence sorting i.e.sorting the objects based on single data member where as comparator interface is used to sort the object based on multiple data members.

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Q111. Advantage of Collection classes over Arrays ?

Core Java

Ans. Collections are re-sizable in nature. We can increase or decrease the size as per recruitment.
Collections can hold both homogeneous and heterogeneous data's.
Every collection follows some standard data structures.
Collection provides many useful built in methods for traversing,sorting and search.

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Q112. What are the features of encapsulation ?

Core Java

Ans. Combine the data of our application and its manipulation at one place.

Encapsulation Allow the state of an object to be accessed and modified through behaviors.

Reduce the coupling of modules and increase the cohesion inside them.

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Q113. Write a method to check if input String is Palindrome?

Core Java

Ans. private static boolean isPalindrome(String str) {

if (str == null)
return false;

StringBuilder strBuilder = new StringBuilder(str);

strBuilder.reverse();

return strBuilder.toString().equals(str);

}

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Q114. Why String is popular HashMap key in Java?

Core Java

Ans. Since String is immutable, its hashcode is cached at the time of creation and it doesnt need to be calculated again. This makes it a great candidate for key in a Map and its processing is fast than other HashMap key objects. This is why String is mostly used Object as HashMap keys.

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Very frequently asked in HCL Tech ( Based of 4 inputs )

Q115. Write a program to reverse a string iteratively and recursively ?

Core Java

Ans. Using String method -

new StringBuffer(str).reverse().toString();

Iterative -

public static String getReverseString(String str){
StringBuffer strBuffer = new StringBuffer(str.length);
for(int counter=str.length -1 ; counter>=0;counter--){
strBuffer.append(str.charAt(counter));
}
return strBuffer;
}

Recursive -

public static String getReverseString(String str){
if(str.length <= 1){
return str;
}
return (getReverseString(str.subString(1)) + str.charAt(0);
}

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Q116. Write a Program to check if 2 strings are Anagrams ?

Core Java

Ans. public void checkIfAnagram(String str1,String str2){
boolean anagram = true;
for(char c:str1.toCharArray()){
if(!str2.contains(String.valueOf(c))){
System.out.println("Strings are Anagrams");
anagram = false;
}

if(anagram == true){
System.out.println("Strings are not Anagrams");
}
}
}

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Q117. Difference between ArrayList and LinkedList ?

Ans. LinkedList and ArrayList are two different implementations of the List interface. LinkedList implements it with a doubly-linked list. ArrayList implements it with a dynamically resizing array.

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Q118. What will be the output of following Code ?

class BuggyBread {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      String s2 = "I am unique!";
      String s5 = "I am unique!";

      System.out.println(s2 == s5);
   }
}

Core Java

Ans. true, due to String Pool, both will point to a same String object.

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Q119. Which are the sorted collections ?

Core Java

Ans. TreeSet and TreeMap

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Very frequently asked Hibernate interview question. Frequently asked in TCS ( based on 2 feedback )

Q120. What are different types of associations in Hibernate ?

Hibernate

Ans. There are 4 types of associations in Hibernate

One to One
One to Many
Many to One
Many to Many

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