Interview Questions and Answers for 'Io' | Search Interview Question

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Q811. Explain Application / Server architecture being used in your project ?

or

Explain your project architecture ?

Ans. We are using cluster of Web servers and Application servers. Load Balancer is used to manage the load between them. Down the layer we have middleware server and then DB server to access database.

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_{Like Discuss Correct / Improve architecture production support java servers application support Asked in 7 Companies frequent}

Q812. How do you monitor the server resources if inadvertently high traffic is reported ?

Ans. We use SAR command for that purpose. We also have GUI system monitoring tool to keep real time check of requests, load and memory usage.

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Q813. Have you ever faced any problem due to caching?

Ans. Yes , sometime we receive issues related to outdated pages being rendered to the user. In those cases we clear the cache and then try to investigate the reason for that. Sometime the issue is due to comparatively high refresh interval. In those cases we reduce the cache refresh interval.

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Q814. Difference between parameters and arguments ?

Core Java

Ans. Parameters are the variables that the method is expected to receive along with the method call. Arguments are the values which are passed on while calling the methods.

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Q815. Which java frameworks have you used ?

General

Ans. I have primarily worked on Web applications and hence worked on Struts , Spring , Hibernate, JSF ( Java Server Faces ) , Velocity etc.

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_{Like Discuss Correct / Improve elsevier frameworks java frameworks general question Asked in 3 Companies basic frequent}

Almost sure to be asked in every company using any Dependency Injection framework ( Spring, Guice etc )

Q816. What is Dependency Injection or IOC ( Inversion of Control ) ?

Design

Ans. It is a Design Pattern that facilitates loose coupling by sending the dependency information ( object references of dependent object ) while building the state of the object. Objects are designed in a manner where they receive instances of the objects from other pieces of code, instead of constructing them internally and hence provide better flexibility.

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_{Like Discuss Correct / Improve design patterns ioc ( Inversion of Control ) dependency injection Asked in 83 Companies intermediate frequent}

Q817. Explain the challenging problems you faced recently and how you overcame it ?

General

Ans. [Open Ended Answer]

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Frequently asked in face to face interviews.

Q818. Write a program to print fibonacci series.

Core Java

Ans. int count = 15;
int[] fibonacci = new int[count];
fibonacci[0] = 0;
fibonacci[1] = 1;
for(int x=2; x < count; x++){
fibonacci[x] = fibonacci[x-1] + fibonacci[x-2];
}

for(int x=0; x< count; x++){
System.out.print(fibonacci[x] + " ");
}

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Q819. How are values passed in Java ? By value or reference ?

Core Java

Ans. Java only provides pass by value.

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Q820. Can we add more elements to an array list that has been marked as final ?

Ans. Yes, the array list can hold more elements. Final only puts the restriction that the array list reference cannot hold any other array list.

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Q821. Which Data Structure should be used for Load Balancer ?

Ans. [ Open Ended question ]

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Q822. What is the use of Synchronized block ?

Core Java

Ans. The goal of a synchronised block is to achieve mutual exclusion i.e at one time, the segment of the code should be executed by single thread only and hence the lock needs to be retrieved before executing the segment and then released.

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_{Like Discuss Correct / Improve synchronized block synchronized synchronization multithreading threads mutual exclusion concurrency Asked in 4 Companies intermediate frequent}

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Q823. What is continuous integration ?

Process

Ans. Continuous integration or CI is the practice, of merging all developer working copies to a shared mainline several times a day.

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Q824. Write a method to convert all elements of a set to lower case.

Core Java

Ans. http://javasearch.buggybread.com/CodeSnippets/searchCodeSamples.php?keyword=Method+to+convert+all+elements+of+a+collection&category=code

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_{Like Discuss Correct / Improve code coding string String.toLowerCase set collections}

Recently asked in Sophos

Q825. Write a Method to get a map of words and their count by passing in the string

Core Java

Ans. http://javasearch.buggybread.com/CodeSnippets/searchCodeSamples.php?keyword=Method+to+get+a+map+of+words&category=code

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_{Like Discuss Correct / Improve map collections Asked in 2 Companies intermediate}

Q826. Have you ever looked into internal implementation of Java Collections ?

Ans. Yeah, I once looked into implementation of TreeSet and TreeMap just for learning.

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Q827. What will happen if we don't have termination statement in recursion ?

Ans. Function call allocates a stackframe in stack. Every stackframe will use some memory to store local variables, parameters and to remember return address. Without terminating condition stackframes will keep consuming memory from stack and eventually program will result in stackoverflow error.

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_{Like Discuss Correct / Improve recursion break statement break stackoverflow exception stackoverflow memory management memory exceptions}

Q828. Write a program to calculate factorial of a number using recursion

Core Java

Ans.

public class Factorial {
   public static void main(String[] args){
      int x = 5;

      System.out.println(calculateFactorial(x));

   }

   private static int calculateFactorial(int x){
      if(x==1){
         return 1;
      }
      return x * calculateFactorial(x-1);
   }
}

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_{Like Discuss Correct / Improve factorial calculate factorial code coding recursion Asked in 1 Companies basic}

Q829. Write code to sort elements of a set

Ans. http://javasearch.buggybread.com/CodeSnippets/searchCodeSamples.php?&category=code&searchOption&keyword=952

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Q830. In which cases , moving methods to utility class could be useful ?

Core Java

Ans. It could be worthy to move a method to util class if the method needs to be shared, doesn't require polymorphic behavior and need not be overridden in special cases.

Don't belong to one group through is-a relationship ( You can share through parent class method )

Don't implement a specific interface ( java 8 default methods )

Doesn't involve complex computing as you will be loosing the benefit of object state with just static method.

Doesn't require polymorphic behavior as static methods don't participate in runtime polymorphism.

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_{Like Discuss Correct / Improve utility classes util classes static methods application design rare}

Q831. Write a program for Coin Changer application ?

Ans. http://javasearch.buggybread.com/CodeSnippets/searchCodeSamples.php?&category=code&searchOption&keyword=979

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Q832. What is unmodifiable set / unmodifiable map ? How can we create one ?

Ans. It is an unmodifiable / read only view of the underlying collection. We can use

Collections.unmodifiableSet(Set set)
Collections.unmodifiableMap(Map map)
Collections.unmodifiableCollection(Collection collection)

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Q833. What is the use of MethodHandle ?

Ans. MethodHandle is a modern, more flexible, more typesafe way of doing reflection.

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Q834. What is a Destructor ? Do we have Destructors in Java ?

Core Java

Ans. Destructor is used to de-allocate memory allocated by objects.

There are no destructors in Java. Alternatively, Java provides Automatic garbage collection i.e automatically releasing the un-referenced memory.

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_{Like Discuss Correct / Improve destructor garbage collection Asked in 11 Companies Basic frequent}

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Q835. What is use of Revert in SVN?

Tools

Ans. Revert your local changes.

There are 2 types of reverts -

1) Local Revert: It will delete all changes from files which you made after updates and before commit.
2) Repo Revert: Upload the changes to previous Repo.

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Q836. Can we have multiple threads consuming message stream from a single partition ?

Ans. Yes, by having multiple Consumer Groups.

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Q837. Can we have multiple threads consuming messages from a single partition if we have single Consumer Group ?

Ans. No, we can only have max 1 thread per partition in a single Consumer Group.

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Q838. If we have more threads than partitions in a kafka consumer, How can we model it efficiently ?

Ans. We will have to use multiple consumer groups in that case as threads will remain idle if we use single consumer group. A more sophisticated algorithm could be required with multiple groups if we have to ensure the order of consumption.

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Q839. Why Java is not considered pure OOP's language ?

Core Java

Ans. There are 2 reasons for it.

1. Usage of Primitive types - Though Java provides classes for the primitive data types but as the usage of primitives is permissible, its considered unpure OOP's language.

2. Usage of Static members - Static members belong to the class and not objects and hence not considered fit for pure OOP's programming.

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Q840. Is Iterator a class ?

Ans. No, iterator is an interface that is used to parse through the elements of a Collection

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