Spring - Interview Questions and Answers for 'At' | Search Interview Question

Spring - Interview Questions and Answers for 'At' - 25 question(s) found - Order By Newest

Very frequently asked. Among first few questions in almost all interviews. Among Top 5 frequently asked questions. Frequently asked in Indian service companies (HCL,TCS,Infosys,Capgemini etc based on multiple feedback ) and Epam Systems

Q1. Difference between == and .equals() ?

Core Java

Ans. "equals" is the method of object class which is supposed to be overridden to check object equality, whereas "==" operator evaluate to see if the object handlers on the left and right are pointing to the same object in memory.

x.equals(y) means the references x and y are holding objects that are equal. x==y means that the references x and y have same object.

Sample code:

String x = new String("str");
String y = new String("str");

System.out.println(x == y); // prints false
System.out.println(x.equals(y)); // prints true

Sample Code for equals

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Recently asked in TCS , Tech Mahindra, HCL , Accenture and Fidelity.

Q2. Explain Flow of Spring MVC ?

Spring

Ans. The DispatcherServlet configured in web.xml file receives the request.

The DispatcherServlet finds the appropriate Controller with the help of HandlerMapping and then invokes associated Controller.

Then the Controller executes the logic business logic and then returns ModeAndView object to the DispatcherServlet.

The DispatcherServlet determines the view from the ModelAndView object.

Then the DispatcherServlet passes the model object to the View.

The View is rendered and the Dispatcher Servlet sends the output to the Servlet container.

Finally Servlet Container sends the result back to the user.

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Very frequently asked.Usually among first few questions.

Q3. What is MVC ?

Design

Ans. MVC is a Design Pattern that facilititates loose coupling by segregating responsibilities in a Web application

1. Controller receives the requests and handles overall control of the request
2. Model holds majority of the Business logic, and
3. View comprise of the view objects and GUI component

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Q4. How can we manage Error Messages in the web application ?

Solution

Ans. Within message.properties file.

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Q5. What bean scopes does Spring support? Explain them.

Spring

Ans. The Spring Framework supports following five scopes -

Singleton
prototype
request
session
global-session

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Q6. What are some differences between Spring caching and Hibernate caching?

Hibernate

Ans. Spring caching makes use of its intercepting capabilities to add caching to method calls. Therefore, the entire object is cached and reused. Hibernate, on the other hand, has more domain-specific knowledge of the Entity being cached and can handle the objects more appropriately.

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Q7. What are different modules of spring ?

Spring

Ans. There are seven core modules in spring

Spring MVC
The Core container
O/R mapping
DAO
Application context
Aspect Oriented Programming or AOP
Web module

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Q8. What is Spring configuration file?

Spring

Ans. Spring configuration file is an XML file. This file contains the classes information and describes how these classes are configured and introduced to each other.

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Q9. Q: What is default scope of bean in Spring framework?

Spring

Ans. The default scope of bean is Singleton.

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Very Frequently asked Spring question.

Q10. What is bean auto wiring?

Spring

Ans. The Spring container is able to autowire relationships between collaborating beans. This means that it is possible to automatically let Spring resolve collaborators (other beans) for your bean by inspecting the contents of the BeanFactory without using and elements.

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Q11. What is the difference betweeen @Inject and @Autowired ?

Spring

Ans. @Autowired and @Inject are similar in terms of functionality they achieve. @Inject is part of a new Java technology called CDI that defines a standard for dependency injection whereas @Autowired is a Spring specific annotation for dependency injection.

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Q12. Which of the following Interface needs to be implemented by any object that wishes to be notified of the ApplicationContext that it runs in ?

a. ApplicationContextAware
b. ApplicationContextUtils
c. ApplicationContext
d. Aware

Spring

Ans. ApplicationContextAware

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Q13. Is there any relationship between Web.xml and Spring.xml ?

Spring

Ans. No, there is no relationship between web.xml and spring.xml but you have to configure spring.xml in web.xml in order initialize beans when application starts up

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Frequently asked Spring interview question.

Q14. What are the components of Spring framework ?

Spring

Ans. Core: [Core, Bean, Context, Expression Language]

Web: [Web, Portlet, Servlet, etc]

Data Access [JMS, JDBC, etc]

AOP, Aspect

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Q15. What is the use of @Bean annotation in Spring ?

Spring

Ans. There are 2 ways to specify dependencies in Spring, one by the way of specifying beans in config files and other is by specifying annotations like @Bean, @Component , @Service etc to let spring know of the dependencies.

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Q16. Difference between constructor and setter injection ?

Spring

Ans. 1. In Setter Injection, partial injection of dependencies can possible, means if we have 3 dependencies like int, string, long, then its not necessary to inject all values if we use setter injection. If you are not inject it will takes default values for those primitives1. In constructor injection, partial injection of dependencies cannot possible, because for calling constructor we must pass all the arguments right, if not so we may get error

2. Setter Injection will overrides the constructor injection value, provided if we write setter and constructor injection for the same property [i already told regarding this, hope you remember ] But, constructor injection cannot overrides the setter injected values

3. If we have more dependencies for example 15 to 20 are there in our bean class then, in this case setter injection is not recommended as we need to write almost 20 setters right, bean length will increase. In this case, Constructor injection is highly recommended, as we can inject all the dependencies with in 3 to 4 lines [i mean, by calling one constructor]

4. Setter injection makes bean class object as mutable [We can change ] .Constructor injection makes bean class object as immutable [We cannot change ]

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Q17. Difference between ApplicationContext and BeanFactory ?

Spring

^{This question is still unanswered. Can you please provide an answer.}

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Q18. What is difference between Spring jdbc template and Hibernate ?

Hibernate

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Q19. Can we use Prototype Bean scope with Autowiring ?

Spring

Ans. Default Bean scope in auto wiring is Singleton but Yes, that can be changed by specifying the Bean scope explicitly.

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Q20. What is @EnableSptringMVC ?

Spring

^{This question was recently asked at 'Tata Consultancy (TCS)'.This question is still unanswered. Can you please provide an answer.}

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Q21. How did you use Spring in your project ? Which Spring annotations have you used in your project ?

Spring

Ans. @RequestMappping

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Q22. What is stereotype annotation ?

Spring

Ans. These annotations are used to create Spring beans automatically in the application context. The main stereotype annotation is @Component . @Controller: Which is used to create Spring beans at the controller layer. The stereotype annotations in spring are @Component, @Service, @Repository and @Controller

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Q23. what is dispatcher servlet@componentScan use ?

Spring Framework

Ans. @ComponentScan in a Spring Application.

With Spring, we use the @ComponentScan annotation along with the @Configuration annotation to specify the packages that we want to be scanned. @ComponentScan without arguments tells Spring to scan the current package and all of its sub-packages.

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Q24. Give specific situation about when to go for constructor based injection and setter based injection in spring.

Spring

^{This question was recently asked at 'Tata Consultancy (TCS)'.This question is still unanswered. Can you please provide an answer.}

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Q25. Can you explain integration between Spring and Hibernate ?

Hibernate

^{This question was recently asked at 'HCL Technologies'.This question is still unanswered. Can you please provide an answer.}

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Q26. How can we create objects if we make the constructor private ?

Core Java

a. We can't create objects if constructor is private

b. We can only create objects if we follow singleton pattern

c. We can only create one object

d. We can create new object through static method or static block

Ans.d. We can create new object through static method or static block

Q27. What will be the output of executing following class ?

public class BuggyBread {

static {
System.out.println("Static Block");
}

{
System.out.println("Initialization Block");
}

BuggyBread(){
System.out.println("Constructor");
}

public static void main(String[] args){
System.out.println("Main Method");
}
}

Core Java

a. Static Block
Main Method

b. Static Block
Instance Initialization Block
Main Method

c. Static Block
Constructor
Main Method

d. Static Block
Instance Initialization Block
Constructor
Main Method

Ans.a. Static Block
Main Method

Q28. What will be the output upon executing following class ?

public class BuggyBread {

static {
System.out.println("Static Block");
}

{
System.out.println("Instance Initialization Block");
}

BuggyBread(){
System.out.println("Constructor");
}

public static void main(String[] args){
System.out.println("Main Method");
new BuggyBread();
}
}

Core Java

a. Instance Initialization Block
Constructor
Static Block
Main Method

b. Static Block
Instance Initialization Block
Constructor
Main Method

c. Main Method
Static Block
Instance Initialization Block
Constructor

d. Static Block
Main Method
Instance Initialization Block
Constructor

Ans.d. Static Block
Main Method
Instance Initialization Block
Constructor

Q29. With the following code, Which is a valid way to initialize ?
public class BuggyBread {

   private String element1;

   private String element2;

   private BuggyBread(String element1, String element2){
      this.element1 = element1;
      this.element2 = element2;
   }

   public static class Builder {

      private String element1;

      private String element2;

      Builder(BuggyBread buggybread){
         element1 = buggybread.element1;
         element2 = buggybread.element2;
      }

      Builder withElement1(String element1){
         this.element1 = element1;
         return this;
      }

      Builder withElement2(String element2){
         this.element2 = element2;
         return this;
      }

      BuggyBread build(){
         BuggyBread buggybread = new BuggyBread(element1,element2);
         return buggybread;
      }
   }
}

Core Java

a. BuggyBread buggybread = new BuggyBread();

b. BuggyBread buggybread = new BuggyBread("element1","element2");

c. BuggyBread.Builder builder = new BuggyBread.Builder();

d. BuggyBread.Builder builder = new BuggyBread.Builder("element1","element2");

Ans.d. BuggyBread.Builder builder = new BuggyBread.Builder("element1","element2");

Q30. What will be the output of following ?

public class BuggyBread {

   private int x;
   private Integer y;

   BuggyBread(int x,int y){};

   public static void main(String[] args){
      BuggyBread buggybread = new BuggyBread(1,2);
      System.out.println(buggybread.x);
      System.out.println(buggybread.y);
   }
}    Reference

Core Java

a. 0 0

b. 0 null

c. null 0

d. null null

Ans.b. 0 null

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