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Ans. pop method pulls the top element from the stack and then move the top to the next element whereas peek only get the top element but doesn't move the top.
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Ans. In terms of compute options and configurations, Reserved Instances and On Demand instances are the same. The only difference between the two is that a Reserved Instance is one you rent (reserved) for a fixed duration, and in return you receive a discount on the base price of an On Demand instance.
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Ans. We can create API gateway and give the name of lambda function in order to be linked with lambda function, deploy the API and whenever request will be made from API it will directly be linked to lambda function to perform further process.
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Q524. Why do we need to specify import statement ? Don't you think Java could have been designed in such a way to automatically import everything that's in the class path ?
Ans. Java could design it in such a manner but would result in ambiguity if there are multiple files with the same name. The only way to get over it to show the message when you use any such class to provide explicit import with the package prefix. The other problem could be that Java might have to change the early import to Late import and check what's being used to decide what needs to be imported as otherwise you will see errors regarding the ambiguous imports with duplicate file name.
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Ans. Encapsulation facilitate hiding and restricted access and hence more of a security feature. Encapsulation is definitely a great feature as when applications expand criss cross communication between objects / modules could lead to blunders.
Inheritance facilitates code reuse.
Polymorphism comprise of method overloaded ( which to me is negligible usage ) and method overriding. Method overriding is of great usage as it facilitates concept of interfaces and plugin development.
So it’s Security / Organization vs
Code Reuse / Support for other features like overriding vs
Contracts / Plugin Development facilitating the creation of frameworks / libraries.
Which is more important may vary from application to application , its scale , its use , its sensitivity etc.
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Ans. No. The whole idea of default method is to provide a default definition in case the implementing class intend to provide definition for only some of the methods. Making any of the interface method private would restrict it from being implemented by the implementing class. So default method is an option to provide implementation and not restricting a new definition.
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Ans. There are different types of relationship between classes
Inheritance - Also called is-a relationship, Child class object carries the body of the Parent class when initiated. Moreover there are certain privileges attach to method overriding to the classes related this way. This relationship exist for code reuse, method overriding and interfacing ( through abstract class ).
Composition - Also called has-a relationship. Class objects carries a reference to other class objects when instantiated. This relationship exist for work flow / work delegation.
Inner / Nested class - It’s a relationship that encapsulates the inner class or it’s object within the outer class. This relationship exist for encapsulation / security.
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Ans. 1. The problem with double (x*100)/100 doesn't return exact x but few fractions lesser than x and then if you are using floor rounding , it makes a big difference
2. Rounding only after getting a result vs rounding each outcome of 2 operand make difference
3. Usage of inappropriate Rounding mode and Rounding scale.
4. Results with double and BigDecimal
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Ans. Yes, to a certain extent. But the objective for Final class could be beyond just enforcing composition as certain classes might have been created without inheritance or composition in mind.
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Ans. 1. Enforcing composition over inheritance
2. Restricting overriding of certain methods
3. Final methods are faster than regular instance methods
4. Enforcing Immutability
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