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This question can be asked in different variants like performace improvement of an application, improving performance for DB communication etc.

Q31. What are the ways in which execution time of the code can be improved ?

Solution

Ans. This depends on entirely upon the code type. For example

1.If its just logic, we can try it to short circuit or put the if / switch case with maximum probability in the beginning.

2. Can use faster data structures, for eg - random retrieval instead of sequence / iterator

3. Working with primitive types or even bytes instead of Objects, even though it may result in marginal improvement.

4. If its service call, then service call with bulk load can help

5. If DB Operation, then with use of Indices , Views or using ORM , cache etc.

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Q32. Difference between GET and POST Requests ?

Web Service

Ans. GET is supposed to get information from the server. Client sends the minimal information so that Server can respond with the response body on basis of request. For example - You want to get complete employment record for employee id 123

POST is supposed to send the information for submission. Payload or a Body is usually sent so that it can be persisted on the server. For example - Sending the complete information of an employee ( id, name , dept etc ) to the server for persisting it.

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Q33. What is coupling and Cohesion ?

Design

Ans. Coupling is the degree of interdependence between software modules, a measure of how closely connected two modules are or the strength of the relationships between modules.

Cohesion refers to the degree to which the elements of a module belong together. Cohesion measures the strength of relationship between pieces of functionality within a given module.

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Q34. Why java doesn't support multiple Inheritance ?

or

Explain Java Diamond Problem.

Core Java

Ans. class A {
void test() {
System.out.println("test() method");
}
}

class B {
void test() {
System.out.println("test() method");
}
}

Suppose if Java allows multiple inheritance like this,

class C extends A, B {
}

A and B test() methods are inheriting to C class.

So which test() method C class will take? As A & B class test() methods are different , So here we would Facing Ambiguity.

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Usually asked to entry level software developers.

Q35. Write a program to swap two variables without using third

Core Java

Ans. public static void main(String[] args) {
   int num1 = 1;
   int num2 = 2;
   num1 = num1^num2;
   num2 = num1^num2;
   num1 = num1^num2;
   System.out.print("num1 = " + num1 +", num2 = "+num2);
}

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Q36. What is a class loader ? What are the different class loaders used by JVM ?

Core Java

Ans. Part of JVM which is used to load classes and interfaces.

Bootstrap , Extension and System are the class loaders used by JVM.

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Q37. How can we manage Error Messages in the web application ?

Solution

Ans. Within message.properties file.

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Q38. What is an Externalizable interface ?

Ans. Externalizable interface is used to write the state of an object into a byte stream in compressed format.

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Q39. What are the design considerations while making a choice between using interface and abstract class ?

Core Java

Ans. Keep it as a Abstract Class if its a "Is a" Relationsship and should do subset/all of the functionality. Keep it as Interface if its a "Should Do" relationship.

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Q40. What is Externalizable interface?

Core Java

Ans. Externalizable is an interface which contains two methods readExternal and writeExternal. These methods give you a control over the serialization mechanism.

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Q41. Write a Program to check if 2 strings are Anagrams ?

Core Java

Ans. public void checkIfAnagram(String str1,String str2){
boolean anagram = true;
for(char c:str1.toCharArray()){
if(!str2.contains(String.valueOf(c))){
System.out.println("Strings are Anagrams");
anagram = false;
}

if(anagram == true){
System.out.println("Strings are not Anagrams");
}
}
}

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Q42. What is a Database Trigger ?

Database

Ans. A trigger is a special kind of stored procedure that automatically gets executed upon an event in the database server.

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Very Frequently asked to Senior Software Engineers or Developers.

Q43. Describe some of the Design Patterns you have used ?

Design

Ans. [Open Ended Answer]

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Q44. When is the situation when finally section won't execute ?

Core Java

Ans. If the process / app is abruptly killed or terminated.

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Try 1 Question(s) Test

Q45. What is abstraction ?

Design

Ans. Abstraction is a process of hiding the implementation details and describing only the functionality to the user.

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Q46. Explain OAuth.

Authentication

Ans. OAuth is an open-standard authorization protocol or framework that describes how unrelated servers and services can safely allow authenticated access to their assets without actually sharing the initial, related, single logon credential. Like using Google or Facebook to login to something.

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Q47. What is the use of HashCode in objects ?

Core Java

Ans. Hashcode is used for bucketing in Hash implementations like HashMap, HashTable, HashSet etc.

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Q48. Which Software Development methodology is being used in your current Job ?

General

Ans. We are using Agile methodology. I attend daily stand up where the development leads takes the status of assigned stories, achievements, any bottlenecks or challenges. We follow iteration of 2 weeks.

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Frequently asked in face to face interviews.

Q49. Write a program to print fibonacci series.

Core Java

Ans. int count = 15;
int[] fibonacci = new int[count];
fibonacci[0] = 0;
fibonacci[1] = 1;
for(int x=2; x < count; x++){
fibonacci[x] = fibonacci[x-1] + fibonacci[x-2];
}

for(int x=0; x< count; x++){
System.out.print(fibonacci[x] + " ");
}

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All these acronyms JDK,JRE,JVM etc are very frequently asked.

Q50. Difference between JDK and JRE ?

Core Java

Ans. JRE or Java Runtime Environment is the Java Virtual Machine on which class files are executed. It includes borwser plugins that facilitates execution of class files in browsers.

JDK or Java Development Kit includes JRE , compiler and development tools.

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Q51. If you are given a choice to have a functionality shared either through dependency or through a Web service, which one will you choose ?

Solution

Ans. Web Service promotes looser coupling but with comes with coding and performance overheads. Jars provide better performance and may be lesser coding but are problematic with update distribution. If the situation doesn't require frequent dependency updates and if it's only read operation of persistence, Having dependencies should be a better choice , otherwise web service.

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Frequently asked in Accenture.

Q52. What is your biggest achievement at work ?

General

Ans. [Open Ended Answer]

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Q53. What is Spring Security ?

Spring

Ans. Spring Security is a powerful and highly customizable authentication and access control framework. It is the de facto standard for securing Spring-based applications.

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Q54. Why do you wan to stay in IT ?

General

Ans. Coding , Science and Mathematics has always fascinated me. I have curious mindset that continuously look for solutions.

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Q55. How to make sure that no request are lost in client server application ?

Solution

Ans. By keeping some sort of storage at the client side for each request and then matching it up against the response received to make sure that the request was well received.

A queue can be used for this purpose.

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Q56. What are the core OOPs concepts ?

Core Java

Ans. Abstraction, Encapsulation, Polymorphism , Composition and Inheritance

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Q57. Where do you see yourself in next 5 years?

General

Ans. Sample Answers -

Getting better with upcoming technologies and be a Lead developer.

In accordance with the company, working as a permenant employee.

Be an associate architect.

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Q58. What are the daily activities of build and release engineer ?

^{This question was recently asked at 'greeteck infosolutions'.This question is still unanswered. Can you please provide an answer.}

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Q59. How can you extract integers from string values and add (sum it up) all the extracted integers? e.g "James34long4island322in3rdAvenue" ---> 34 4 322 3 = 363

Core Java

^{This question was recently asked at 'Horizon Solutions'.This question is still unanswered. Can you please provide an answer.}

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Q60. Which type of projects have you worked on ?

General

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