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Ans. If the Object value will not change, use String Class because a String object is immutable.
If the Object value can change and will only be modified from a single thread, use StringBuilder because StringBuilder is unsynchronized(means faster).
If the Object value may change, and can be modified by multiple threads, use a StringBuffer because StringBuffer is thread safe(synchronized).
Ans. This Error is thrown when the Java Virtual Machine cannot allocate an object because it is out of memory, and no more memory could be made available by the garbage collector.
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Which of the following methods are used by Java Garbage Collection Mechanism ?
final
finally
finalize
All of the above
Which of the following about Garbage collection is false ?
We can call Garbage collection explicitly
Garbage Collection guarantees that the application will not run out of memory
finalize method is used by Java for Garbage Collection
Garbage Collection Mechanism delete unclaimed objects that are no longer required
Q518. Difference between Builder and Composite ?
Ans. Builder is a creational Design Pattern whereas Composite is a structural design pattern. Composite creates Parent - Child relations between your objects while Builder is used to create group of objects of predefined types.
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Ans. Factory is a creational design pattern whereas Strategy is behavioral design pattern. Factory revolves around the creation of object at runtime whereas Strategy or Policy revolves around the decision at runtime.
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Ans. Keep it as a Abstract Class if its a "Is a" Relationsship and should do subset/all of the functionality. Keep it as Interface if its a "Should Do" relationship.
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Ans. Suspend method is used to suspend thread which can be restarted by using resume() method. stop() is used to stop the thread, it cannot be restarted again.
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Ans. Spring enables developers to develop enterprise-class applications using POJOs. The benefit of using only POJOs is that you do not need an EJB container product.
Spring is organized in a modular fashion. Even though the number of packages and classes are substantial, you have to worry only about ones you need and ignore the rest.
Spring does not reinvent the wheel instead, it truly makes use of some of the existing technologies like several ORM frameworks, logging frameworks, JEE, Quartz and JDK timers, other view technologies.
Testing an application written with Spring is simple because environment-dependent code is moved into this framework. Furthermore, by using JavaBean-style POJOs, it becomes easier to use dependency injection for injecting test data.
Spring is web framework is a well-designed web MVC framework, which provides a great alternative to web frameworks such as Struts or other over engineered or less popular web frameworks.
Spring provides a convenient API to translate technology-specific exceptions (thrown by JDBC, Hibernate, or JDO, for example) into consistent, unchecked exceptions.
Lightweight IoC containers tend to be lightweight, especially when compared to EJB containers, for example. This is beneficial for developing and deploying applications on computers with limited memory and CPU resources.
Spring provides a consistent transaction management interface that can scale down to a local transaction
Ans. Collections class is a utility class having static methods for doing operations on objects of classes which implement the Collection interface. For example, Collections has methods for finding the max element in a Collection.
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Q535. Tell something about BufferedWriter ? What are flush() and close() used for ?
Ans. BufferedWriter is temporary source for data storage.BufferedWriter is used to write character data to the file.Flush() is method available in B.W which ensures that all data items are written to file including last character.Close() is used to closes the character output stream.
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Ans. Scanner class introduced in Java 1.5 for reading Data Stream from the imput device. Previously we used to write code to read a input using DataInputStream. After reading the stream , we can convert into respective data type using in.next() as String ,in.nextInt() as integer, in.nextDouble() as Double etc
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Ans. final - constant variable, objects cannot be de-referenced, restricting method overriding, restricting class sub classing.
finally - handles exception. The finally block is optional and provides a mechanism to clean up regardless of what happens within the try block. Use the finally block to close files or to release other system resources like database connections, statements etc.
finalize() - method helps in garbage collection. A method that is invoked before an object is discarded by the garbage collector, allowing it to clean up its state.
Which of the following is wrong for final instance variables ?
They cannot be changed after initialization
They can be initialized directly within static method
They can be declared and initialized together at the same place
They can be initialized within constructor
Which of the following is false for final ?
Final methods cannot be overriden
Final methods cannot be overloaded
Final classes cannot be subclassed
Final class cannot be abstract
Which of the following methods are used by Java Garbage Collection Mechanism ?
final
finally
finalize
All of the above
In which case finally won't get executed ?
in case of exception
in case of normal execution
in case of return statement before end of try block
in case of force program termination
Q538. When do you get ClassCastException?
or
What is ClassCastException ?
Ans. As we only downcast class in the hierarchy, The ClassCastException is thrown to indicate that code has attempted to cast an object to a subclass of which it is not an instance.
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Ans. Garbage Collector wont remove a strong reference.
A soft reference will only get removed if memory is low.
A weak reference will get removed on the next garbage collection cycle.
A phantom reference will be finalized but the memory will not be reclaimed. Can be useful when you want to be notified that an object is about to be collected.
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