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 Q401. How to access a Web Element if there are many elements with the same XPath ?
Ans. By specifying the Index like

//button[@class='button'])[2]

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     selenium   selenium webdriver   automation testing


 Q402. Which of the following cannot be marked static ?

a. Constructors , Classes ( Outer ) , Classes ( nested ), Interfaces , Local variables , Inner Class methods and instance variables.
b. Constructors , Classes ( Outer ) , Interfaces , Local variables , Class variables , Class Methods , Inner Class methods and instance variables.
c. Constructors , Classes ( Outer ) , Interfaces , Local variables , Inner Class methods and instance variables.
d. Constructors , Classes ( Outer ) , Classes (Nested), Interfaces , Local variables , Inner Class methods and instance variables
Ans. Constructors , Classes ( Outer ) , Interfaces , Local variables , Inner Class methods and instance variables.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     oops   java   static   nested classes   static nested classes

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 Q403. Interface can only have ...

a. Member elements and Methods.
b. Static Variables and Static Methods.
c. Static Final Variables and Instance Method Declarations.
d. Member Elements , Instance Methods, Static variables and Static Methods.
Ans. Static Final Variables and Instance Method Declarations.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     java   oops   interfaces


 Q404. Which of the following collection maintain its elements in Natural Sorted order ?

a. HashMap
b. TreeMap
c. LinkedHashMap
d. LinkedMap
Ans. TreeMap

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     treemap   collections   java   sorted collections   map


 Q405. If we try to add duplicate key to the HashMap, What will happen ?

a. It will throw an exception.
b. It won't add the new Element without any exception.
c. The new element will replace the existing element.
d. Compiler will identify the problem and will throw an error.
Ans. The new element will replace the existing element.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     hashmap   map   collections   java


 Q406. Which of the following exception is thrown when we try to access element which is beyond the size ?

a. NullPointerException
b. ArrayIndexOutOfBoundException
c. ArithmeticException
d. ParseException
Ans. ArrayIndexOutOfBoundException

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 Q407. Checked exception needs to be ...

a. Caught
b. Method needs to declare that it throws these exception
c. Either A or B
d. Both A and B
Ans. Either A or B

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     java   exceptions   checked exceptions


 Q408. Which java frameworks have you used ?General
Ans. I have primarily worked on Web applications and hence worked on Struts , Spring , Hibernate, JSF ( Java Server Faces ) , Velocity etc.

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  Q409. How are values passed in Java ? By value or reference ?Core Java
Ans. Java only provides pass by value.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     ebay   pass by value   pass by reference   method call   methods   functions   function call     Asked in 10 Companies      basic        frequent


Recently asked in Capital One.
 Q410. What will happen if we call perform(null) ?

public void perform(Object obj) {
System.out.println("Object");
}

public void perform(Integer int) {
System.out.println("Integer");
}
Core Java
Ans. compiler will throws error as ambiguous methods

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     overloading   method overloading     Asked in 1 Companies      intermediate


 Q411. What will be the output of following code ?

System.out.println((int)'a');
Ans. The ascii value of a i.e 97

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 Q412. What will be the output of

System.out.println((Integer)'a');
Ans. It will result in compilation error as primitive char cannot be casted to Integer object, alternatively we can cast it to primitive int like following

System.out.println((int)'a');

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     character  ascii


 Q413. What is a package and what are its advantages ?Core Java
Ans. Package is a namespace that organizes a set of related classes.

Advantages of Packages

1. Better Organization of classes.
2. Saves from the problem of duplicate names as duplicate class names are allowed across different packages.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     package  advantages of packages     Asked in 1 Companies      Basic


  Q414. What is a Database Trigger ?Database
Ans. A trigger is a special kind of stored procedure that automatically gets executed upon an event in the database server.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     database   trigger     Asked in 10 Companies      basic        frequent


 Q415. Have you heard about the external table feature of Oracle ?Database
Ans. The external tables feature is a complement to existing SQL Loader functionality. It enables to access data in external sources as if it were in a table in the database. We have used it few times for replicating tables across different database systems.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     external table oracle     Asked in 1 Companies        rare


 Q416. What is the use of Deprecated annotation ?
Ans. Deprecated annotation is for documentation purpose only. It doesn't enforce anything but would mark the method name as crossed to signify that the client should refrain from using it.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     Deprecated annotation


 Q417. Does Deprecated annotation enforces anything ?
Ans. No. It just marks the method and hence signals the client to refrain from using it.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     Deprecated annotation


  Q418. What is a self Join and give an example of a self Join ?

or

What is self Join and What is it's purpose ?
Database
Ans. When a Table Join itself , it's a Self Join. For example - we like to know the pair of department names where first dept has lesser employees than the later.

Select D1.name , D2.name from Dept D1, Dept D2 where D1.employee_count < D2.employee_count

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     sql  joins  self join  self-join  Pair of employee names with first having lesser salary than later  Pair of department names where first dept has lesser employees than the later     Asked in 26 Companies      basic        frequent


 Q419. What was the driving force to introduce default methods in Interfaces wef from Java 8 ?Core Java
Ans. Earlier any class implementing an interface was supposed to implement all methods declared in an interface. There was no place for optionally implementing all or subset of methods.Though we have abstract classes wherein we could have provided such a mechanism by declaring some methods as abstract while providing definition for some. But as Abstract classes have a body and are comparatively heavier than interfaces and interfaces associate closely to the concept of providing interfacing than abstract classes, Java might have though of providing optional implementation for default methods. This way same interface can be reused in variety of ways rather than making copies of an interface to suit different needs.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     java 8   java8  interface default methods  default methods     Asked in 6 Companies


 Q420. What is a stable build ?Jenkins
Ans. A build is considered stable if it was built successfully and no publisher reports it as unstable.

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 Q421. What are design situations to use Singleton and Prototype Design Pattern ?Design
Ans. Both are creational design patterns.

Singleton is used when we would like to reuse an object if object is not supposed to hold request or thread specific information. Inversely Prototype is used in situations where we would like to reuse the object information but the request / thread may require it own data to be persisted.

In short, Singleton is used in situations where we can live with single object being shared across multiple requests or threads whereas Prototype is used when we need duplicate copies of objects.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     design pattern  singleton  prototype  creational design pattrn     Asked in 7 Companies      expert

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 Q422. What is System.in in Java ?Core Java
Ans. It is an InputSream which is usually connected to the keyboard input of console program.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     System.in  Input Stream  Input Output


 Q423. What are the advantages and disadvantages of Factory Design Pattern ?Design
Ans. Object Oriented Design Patterns is the science of identifying the pattern to make objects communicate in a way to effectively implement a Solution.

Factory Design Patterns is the pattern that recommends creation of separate Factory Object for creation of other object. So its like saying - If you want to create an object of ClassA, Talk to FactoryObject ( which is an object of FactoryClass ). FactoryObject in itself encapsulates the inputs and logic required to make the decision regarding the creation and construction of object.

Advantage of Factory Pattern - Loose Coupling and Segregation of Responsibilities. Now instead of hard binding the complete logic to decide the nature and shape of the object on the basis of some conditions, you are assigning the responsibility to some other object and hence making the relationship loosely coupled and hence main tenable.

Disadvantages - Before Understanding the Dis-advantages , we should understand that these patterns were chosen after a period of evolution and research and almost best fit for the required solution, otherwise these patterns would have easily been replaced by now.

Though the advantages of these pattern surpass the disadvantages keeping in mind the decreasing cost of resources and increasing scale of applications, but still loose coupling by means of additional objects results in decreased performance.

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Frequently asked.
 Q424. When does the finally block gets executed ?Core Java
Ans. A finally block of code always executes, whether or not an exception has occurred.The only time finally won't be called is if you call System.exit() or if the JVM crashes first.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     finally  exception handling  exceptions     Asked in 4 Companies      basic        frequent


 Q425. How do you prefer to store money values in your application ?Core Java
Ans. At Application level we use either Double or BigDecimal , preferably BigDecimal. At Database level we use Number with decimal precision 3.

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 Q426. Explain System.out.println ?Core Java
Ans. System is a class within java.lang package that contains several useful class fields and methods. It cannot be instantiated and hence can use only statically.even in this case this has been used statically i.e with class name itself and without creating an instance.

out is the static reference of Printstream declared as following in the System Class -

public final static PrintStream out = null;

println is the method of PrintStream class.

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 Q427. Implement the following method ?

int findMax(int[] items)
Core Java
Ans. int findMax(int[] items){
   int maxNumber = 0;
   for(int x:items){
      if(x > maxNumber){
         maxNumber = x;
      }
   }
      
   return maxNumber;
}

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Very Frequently asked to Senior Software Engineers or Developers.
  Q428. Describe some of the Design Patterns you have used ?Design
Ans. [Open Ended Answer]

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     design patterns     Asked in 17 Companies      intermediate        frequent


 Q429. If everything is an object , Cant we declare every object as

Object obj = new String();
Core Java
Ans. Yes, we can do that. Compiler wont complain. But using object reference we can only access methods which have been defined for object class i.e clone(), equals(), hashCode(), toString() etc.

We cannot access methods defined in String class or in any class in hierarchy between String and Object.

For example - we cannot do obj.append("abc") as it will now give compile time error.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     object initialization  object declaration   runtime polymorphism  object oriented programming (oops)  oops concepts


 Q430. Which type of memory is cleaned / recovered by garbage collection - stack or heap ?Core Java
Ans. Heap memory.

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