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Ans. final keyword have meaning only to referenced and not the value. It means that the specified reference cannot be dereferenced. It doesn't control the value assigned to the memory that's being referenced. This is the reason that final object references doesn't mean that the object is immutable but means that the reference cannot be changed to point to new object.
In case of primitive types too, when we assign a reference to another, values are passed and not the object reference, and hence a new placeholder is created in memory with the same value. That is why final to that context means that you cannot change the assigned memory and there is no way we can have that memory place have another value.
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Ans. Only declaring variables as final makes them immutable. Making objects final means that the object handler cannot be used to target some other object but the object is still mutable.
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Ans. member variable are loaded into heap, so they are initialized with default values when an instance of a class is created. In case of local variables, they are stored in stack until they are being used.
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Ans. Keep it as a Abstract Class if its a "Is a" Relationsship and should do subset/all of the functionality. Keep it as Interface if its a "Should Do" relationship.
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Ans. Stands for Java API for XML Processing. This provides a common interface for creating and using SAX, DOM, and XSLT APIs in Java regardless of which vendor’s implementation is actually being used.
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Ans. Stands for Java API for XML Binding. This standard defines a mechanism for writing out Java objects as XML and for creating Java objects from XML structures.
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Ans. Comparable interface is used for single sequence sorting i.e.sorting the objects based on single data member where as comparator interface is used to sort the object based on multiple data members.
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Ans. It is used to sort collections and arrays of objects using the collections.sort() and java.utils. The objects of the class implementing the Comparable interface can be ordered.
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Ans. Externalizable is an interface which contains two methods readExternal and writeExternal. These methods give you a control over the serialization mechanism.
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Ans. Since String is immutable, its hashcode is cached at the time of creation and it doesnt need to be calculated again. This makes it a great candidate for key in a Map and its processing is fast than other HashMap key objects. This is why String is mostly used Object as HashMap keys.
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Ans. These are the tables that are created temporarily and are deleted once the Stored Procedure is complete.
For example - we may like to pull some info from a table and then do some operations on that data and then store the output in final output table. We can store the intermediary values in a temp table and once we have final output with us, we can just delete it.
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Ans. Stack memory areas is used to hold method and local variables while objects are always allocated memory in the heap. The heap memory is shared between multiple threads whereas Stack memory isn't.
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Ans. The external tables feature is a complement to existing SQL Loader functionality. It enables to access data in external sources as if it were in a table in the database. We have used it few times for replicating tables across different database systems.
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Ans. When a Table Join itself , it's a Self Join. For example - we like to know the pair of department names where first dept has lesser employees than the later.
Select D1.name , D2.name from Dept D1, Dept D2 where D1.employee_count < D2.employee_count
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Ans. Selenium WebDriver is a tool for automating web application testing.It helps in replicating the manual tester behavior like keyboard entry, mouse events etc and then matching the output against the expected.
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final keyword final variables references
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Sample Code for Load Properties using Property Class
Which of the following class creates mutable objects ?
