Interview Questions and Answers for 'Ab' | Search Interview Question

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Q61. Does Declaring an object "final" makes it immutable ?

Ans. Only declaring variables as final makes them immutable. Making objects final means that the object handler cannot be used to target some other object but the object is still mutable.

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Q62. What is a Property class ?

Core Java

Ans. The properties class is a subclass of Hashtable that can be read from or written to a stream.

Sample Code for Load Properties using Property Class

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Q63. Why do member variables have default values whereas local variables don't have any default value ?

Core Java

Ans. member variable are loaded into heap, so they are initialized with default values when an instance of a class is created. In case of local variables, they are stored in stack until they are being used.

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Q64. What is an Externalizable interface ?

Ans. Externalizable interface is used to write the state of an object into a byte stream in compressed format.

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Q65. Difference between serializable and externalizable interface ?

Ans. Serializable is a marker interface whereas externalizable is not.

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Q66. Can we declare an abstract method private ?

Ans. No Abstract methods can only be declared protected or public.

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Q67. What are the design considerations while making a choice between using interface and abstract class ?

Core Java

Ans. Keep it as a Abstract Class if its a "Is a" Relationsship and should do subset/all of the functionality. Keep it as Interface if its a "Should Do" relationship.

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Q68. What is JAXP ?

Xml

Ans. Stands for Java API for XML Processing. This provides a common interface for creating and using SAX, DOM, and XSLT APIs in Java regardless of which vendorâ€™s implementation is actually being used.

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Q69. What is JAXB ?

Xml

Ans. Stands for Java API for XML Binding. This standard defines a mechanism for writing out Java objects as XML and for creating Java objects from XML structures.

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Frequently asked in CTS ( Based on 2 feedback )

Q70. What is the difference between comparable and comparator in java.util pkg?

Core Java

Ans. Comparable interface is used for single sequence sorting i.e.sorting the objects based on single data member where as comparator interface is used to sort the object based on multiple data members.

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Q71. What is Externalizable interface?

Core Java

Ans. Externalizable is an interface which contains two methods readExternal and writeExternal. These methods give you a control over the serialization mechanism.

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Q72. Why String is popular HashMap key in Java?

Core Java

Ans. Since String is immutable, its hashcode is cached at the time of creation and it doesnt need to be calculated again. This makes it a great candidate for key in a Map and its processing is fast than other HashMap key objects. This is why String is mostly used Object as HashMap keys.

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Q73. Write a Program to check if 2 strings are Anagrams ?

Core Java

Ans. public void checkIfAnagram(String str1,String str2){
boolean anagram = true;
for(char c:str1.toCharArray()){
if(!str2.contains(String.valueOf(c))){
System.out.println("Strings are Anagrams");
anagram = false;
}

if(anagram == true){
System.out.println("Strings are not Anagrams");
}
}
}

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Q74. What are temp tables ?

Ans. These are the tables that are created temporarily and are deleted once the Stored Procedure is complete.

For example - we may like to pull some info from a table and then do some operations on that data and then store the output in final output table. We can store the intermediary values in a temp table and once we have final output with us, we can just delete it.

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Q75. Can we add duplicate keys in a HashMap ? What will happen if we attempt to add duplicate values ?

Ans. No, We cannot have duplicate keys in HashMap. If we attempt to do so , the previous value for the key is overwritten.

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Very frequently asked Hibernate interview question. Frequently asked in TCS ( based on 2 feedback )

Q76. What are different types of associations in Hibernate ?

Hibernate

Ans. There are 4 types of associations in Hibernate

One to One
One to Many
Many to One
Many to Many

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Q77. How is Abstraction implemented in Java ?

Core Java

Ans. Abstraction is provided in Java by following ways -

Coding to the ( Interfaces / Abstract Classes ) or contracts

By Encapsulating details within classes and exposing the minimal Door ( few public methods )

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Q78. Difference between Stack and Heap memory ?

Core Java

Ans. Stack memory areas is used to hold method and local variables while objects are always allocated memory in the heap. The heap memory is shared between multiple threads whereas Stack memory isn't.

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Q79. What is a Database Trigger ?

Database

Ans. A trigger is a special kind of stored procedure that automatically gets executed upon an event in the database server.

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Q80. Have you heard about the external table feature of Oracle ?

Database

Ans. The external tables feature is a complement to existing SQL Loader functionality. It enables to access data in external sources as if it were in a table in the database. We have used it few times for replicating tables across different database systems.

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Q81. What is a self Join and give an example of a self Join ?

or

What is self Join and What is it's purpose ?

Database

Ans. When a Table Join itself , it's a Self Join. For example - we like to know the pair of department names where first dept has lesser employees than the later.

Select D1.name , D2.name from Dept D1, Dept D2 where D1.employee_count < D2.employee_count

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Q82. Implement the following method ?

int findMax(int[] items)

Core Java

Ans. int findMax(int[] items){
   int maxNumber = 0;
   for(int x:items){
      if(x > maxNumber){
         maxNumber = x;
      }
   }

   return maxNumber;
}

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Q83. What is database Normalization ?

Database

Ans. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Database_normalization

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Q84. What is a Webdriver ?

Testing

Ans. Selenium WebDriver is a tool for automating web application testing.It helps in replicating the manual tester behavior like keyboard entry, mouse events etc and then matching the output against the expected.

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Q85. Can we overload abstract methods ?

Core Java

Ans. Yes

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Q86. Is String final in Java ?

Core Java

Ans. Strings are immutable in Java and not final.

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Q87. What is abstraction ?

Design

Ans. Abstraction is a process of hiding the implementation details and describing only the functionality to the user.

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Q88. Which collection stores element in insertion order ?

Core Java

Ans. LinkedList maintains the insertion order in collection.

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Q89. Can we have multiple inheritance in java using abstract class ?

Core Java

Ans. No

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Q90. What is meant by "unreachable code" ? Can you write a code segment explaining this ?

Core Java

Ans. Unreachable code is a code segment that can never be executed in any case. For example -

int x = 5;
return;
System.out.println(x);

In this code , 2nd line will return the control out of the method and hence 3rd line will never get executed and hence is unreachable code. This will be caught at compile time only.

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